18 Questions
What is the typical ventilatory pattern seen in lung fibrosis?
Restrictive pattern with reduced TLC, FEV1, and FVC
Why does hypoxemia occur in advanced IPF according to the text?
Caused by significant mismatching in regional ventilation
How is diffusion impairment related to resting hypoxemia in lung fibrosis?
Diffusion impairment does not affect resting hypoxemia
What is the usual arterial PCO2 in lung fibrosis patients according to the text?
Low because of increased ventilation
Why does cardiac output tend to be low in advanced IPF according to the text?
Resulting from fibrotic obliteration of lung capillaries
How does diffusion impairment contribute to exercise-induced desaturation in lung fibrosis?
By limiting oxygen loading of hemoglobin with increased capillary transit time
What is the normal ratio of FEV1/FVC?
4/5
In a person with obstructive lung disease, which of the following is likely to be reduced?
FEV1
In pulmonary arterial hypertension, what is the characteristic change in the pulmonary arteries?
Pruning
What is the term for the amount of air that remains in the lungs after normal expiration?
RV
In a person with restrictive lung disease, which of the following is likely to be reduced?
TLC
What is the term for the amount of air that can be exhaled rapidly and forcefully after a full inspiration?
FEV1
What is the primary implication of hypercapnia?
Inability to maintain adequate alveolar ventilation
In a normal lung, how long does it take for hemoglobin to become completely saturated with oxygen?
0.25 seconds
What happens to the mixed venous PO2 in the setting of exercise?
It decreases
What is the effect of lung fibrosis on the alveolar–capillary barrier?
It thickens the barrier
What is the typical transit time for an erythrocyte through an alveolar capillary?
0.75 seconds
What happens to alveolar end-capillary blood in the setting of lung fibrosis and shortened capillary transit time?
It becomes partially saturated with oxygen
Test your knowledge on respiratory physiology concepts including hypercapnia, alveolar ventilation, pulmonary capillaries, oxygen diffusion, and hemoglobin saturation. Learn about the transit time of erythrocytes through alveolar capillaries and the role of partial pressure in oxygen diffusion.
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