Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the definition of respiratory failure?
What is the definition of respiratory failure?
- Decrease PO2 less than 60 mm/Hg and oxygen saturation less than 94% at room air (correct)
- Increase PO2 more than 100 mm/Hg and oxygen saturation more than 98% at room air
- Normal PO2 and oxygen saturation at room air
- Decrease PO2 less than 80 mm/Hg and oxygen saturation less than 96% at room air
What type of respiratory failure is characterized by hypoxia without hypercapnia?
What type of respiratory failure is characterized by hypoxia without hypercapnia?
- Type 2 respiratory failure
- Type 1 respiratory failure (correct)
- Mixed respiratory failure
- Terminal respiratory failure
Which of the following is a cause of respiratory failure?
Which of the following is a cause of respiratory failure?
- Complete recovery from anesthesia
- Foreign body aspiration
- Incomplete recovery from anesthesia (correct)
- Pulmonary hypertension
What is the primary method of diagnosis for respiratory failure?
What is the primary method of diagnosis for respiratory failure?
Which of the following masks is used to deliver FIO2 up to 90%?
Which of the following masks is used to deliver FIO2 up to 90%?
What is the indication for ICU admission in respiratory failure?
What is the indication for ICU admission in respiratory failure?
What is the primary goal of management in respiratory failure?
What is the primary goal of management in respiratory failure?
Which of the following is a clinical presentation of respiratory failure?
Which of the following is a clinical presentation of respiratory failure?
What is the purpose of a nebulizer mask?
What is the purpose of a nebulizer mask?
What is the FIO2 delivered by a nasal cannula?
What is the FIO2 delivered by a nasal cannula?
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Study Notes
Respiratory Failure in Recovery Room
Definition
- Respiratory failure is defined as a decrease in PO2 less than 60 mm/Hg and oxygen saturation less than 94% at room air.
Types
- Type 1: Hypoxia without hypercapnia (e.g., Pneumonia, pleural effusion, pneumothorax)
- Type 2: Hypoxia and hypercapnia (e.g., COPD, IPF)
Causes
- Incomplete recovery (secretions and residual muscle relaxant effect)
- Foreign body
- Aspiration
- Pulmonary embolism
- Pneumothorax
- Asthma exacerbation
Clinical Presentation
- Tachycardia
- Tachypnea
- Respiratory distress
- Cyanosis
- Flapping tremor
- Irritability
- Decreased level of consciousness (DLC)
Diagnosis
- To confirm respiratory failure and its type: ABG
- To detect the cause:
- Careful clinical examination
- Chest imaging:
- Chest X-ray
- CT chest with contrast
- Chest ultrasonography
Management
- Management of the cause (e.g., asthma, pneumothorax, secretions)
- Correction of hypoxia
- Oxygen therapy:
- Simple oxygen mask: Fio2 up to 55%, used in Type 1 respiratory failure
- Nasal cannula: FIO2 up to 40%, more convenient for many patients, used in Type 1 respiratory failure
- Nebulizer mask: FIO2 up to 55%, used to deliver drugs by inhalational route in bronchial asthma and laryngeal croup
- Mask with reservoir: FIO2 up to 90%
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