Respiratory Diseases in Pigs

22 Questions

Which virus is associated with respiratory disease in swine?

Aujeszky’s virus (PRV)

What is the primary effect of B.Bronchiseptica on the respiratory system of swine?

Epithelial and cilia damage

Which of the following is associated with atrophic rhinitis in swine?

P.Multocida

What is the primary effect of M.Hyponeumoniae on the respiratory system of swine?

Interstitial and bronchopneumonia

Which of the following viruses is associated with alterations in immune responses in swine?

PRRSV

What is the primary effect of A.Pleuropneumoniea on the respiratory system of swine?

Inflammatory, cytokine responses

What is the impact of Porcine Respiratory Disease Complexes (PRDC) on farm productivity?

Reduce farm productivity

What is the cause of Porcine Respiratory Disease Complexes (PRDC)?

A combination of pathogens and environmental factors

What is the mortality rate of PRDC?

Between 4-6%

What are the common symptoms of PRDC?

All of the above

What is the role of the upper respiratory tract?

To filter and humidify air

How does pig genetics affect PRDC?

Some breeds are more disease-resistant

What can stimulate the immune system and cause significant stimulation?

Any significant stimulation can cause reduced growth rate, increased FCR, and medication cost

What is the role of primary pathogens in PRDC?

They open the door for secondary pathogens

What is the role of secondary pathogens in PRDC?

They destroy the respiratory system

What is the relationship between pathogens in PRDC?

Multiple pathogens affect the pig simultaneously

What is one of the environmental factors that can affect the Porcine Respiratory Disease Complexes (PRDC)?

Inadequate biosecurity

What can be a result of mixing animals in Porcine Respiratory Disease Complexes (PRDC)?

Stress and disease transmission

What is one of the control and prevention methods for Porcine Respiratory Disease Complexes (PRDC)?

Vaccination

What can be a consequence of overcrowding in Porcine Respiratory Disease Complexes (PRDC)?

Close contact and spread of pathogens

What is usually a relatively mild disease under good husbandry conditions?

Enzootic pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae on its own

What can be a result of inappropriate ventilation in Porcine Respiratory Disease Complexes (PRDC)?

Stress and pathogen build-up

Study Notes

Porcine Respiratory Disease Complexes (PRDC)

PRDC is a serious disease problem in modern swine farming, affecting farm productivity in numerous undesirable ways.
It reduces productivity, increases mortality, reduces daily gain, and causes production costs to jump as efficiency decreases.
PRDC has great economic repercussions.

Causes of PRDC

PRDC is due to a variable combination of pathogens (infectious agents), conducive environment (environmental stressors, production, and husbandry problems), and susceptible host.
30-70% of pigs will be affected, with a minimum 4-6% mortality.

Clinical Signs

Symptoms and severity of PRDC can vary depending on the number of pathogens, pathogen type, and age of the animal.
Main symptoms include coughing, difficulty breathing, anorexia, fever, nasal and/or ocular discharge, depression.
These symptoms can vary in severity, with the most dire cases ending in death.

Conducive Environment

Inadequate facilities and management can lead to PRDC.
Poor hygiene, overcrowding, and inadequate ventilation can contribute to PRDC.

Susceptible Host

Pig genetics can affect its immunity, with some breeds being more disease-resistant.
Changes in feed intake, lack of vitamin E and selenium in the diet, and immune system stimulation can make pigs more susceptible to PRDC.

Pathogens

Primary pathogens ("door openers") include M.Hyponeumoniae, PRRSV, Aujeszky's virus (PRV), B.Bronchiseptica, Swine Influenza, and PCV2.
Secondary pathogens ("destroyers") include S.Suis, H.Parasuis, A.Pleuropneumoniea, P.Multocida, and PCV2.
Some pathogens can have dual roles as primary and secondary pathogens.

Control and Prevention

Vaccination, medication, and temperature control can help prevent PRDC.
Avoiding rapid changes in the environment, providing adequate floor space, and maintaining good hygiene can also prevent PRDC.

Learn about the Porcine Respiratory Disease Complexes (PRDC), a serious disease problem in modern swine farming, affecting farm productivity and increasing mortality. Understand the causes, effects, and management of respiratory diseases in pigs.

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