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Questions and Answers
A patient with a history of cardiac arrhythmias is prescribed an antiemetic. Which of the following would be most concerning given the patient's history?
A patient with a history of cardiac arrhythmias is prescribed an antiemetic. Which of the following would be most concerning given the patient's history?
- Ondansetron (correct)
- Dronabinol
- Dimenhydrinate
- Lorazepam
What is the primary mechanism of action of beclomethasone in treating respiratory conditions?
What is the primary mechanism of action of beclomethasone in treating respiratory conditions?
- Stabilizing mast cells to prevent histamine release
- Reducing swelling and irritation in the airways (correct)
- Dilating the bronchioles for easier breathing
- Suppressing cough reflex
Which medication requires patients to be educated to rinse their mouth with water after each use to prevent candidiasis?
Which medication requires patients to be educated to rinse their mouth with water after each use to prevent candidiasis?
- Beclomethasone (correct)
- Ipratropium
- Montelukast
- Albuterol
A patient is prescribed a medication that increases outflow of aqueous humor. Which of the following adverse effects would MOST concern the nurse?
A patient is prescribed a medication that increases outflow of aqueous humor. Which of the following adverse effects would MOST concern the nurse?
A patient taking pseudoephedrine reports difficulty sleeping. What is the likely reason for this adverse effect?
A patient taking pseudoephedrine reports difficulty sleeping. What is the likely reason for this adverse effect?
For which of the following conditions is acetylcysteine indicated?
For which of the following conditions is acetylcysteine indicated?
Which of the following instructions is most important to give a patient who has been newly prescribed psyllium?
Which of the following instructions is most important to give a patient who has been newly prescribed psyllium?
A patient is prescribed misoprostol. Which of the following conditions would MOST warrant this prescription?
A patient is prescribed misoprostol. Which of the following conditions would MOST warrant this prescription?
A patient is prescribed lactulose. The nurse should monitor for which potential side effect?
A patient is prescribed lactulose. The nurse should monitor for which potential side effect?
What is the primary action of mannitol and acetazolamide in the treatment of glaucoma?
What is the primary action of mannitol and acetazolamide in the treatment of glaucoma?
A patient prescribed sulfasalazine for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) should be monitored for which potential adverse effect?
A patient prescribed sulfasalazine for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) should be monitored for which potential adverse effect?
Which medication is contraindicated in patients with cardiac disease or hyperthyroidism?
Which medication is contraindicated in patients with cardiac disease or hyperthyroidism?
When administering ear drops to a 3-year-old child, which technique is most appropriate?
When administering ear drops to a 3-year-old child, which technique is most appropriate?
A patient is prescribed the triple therapy treatment for PUD. Which combination of medications is MOST likely included?
A patient is prescribed the triple therapy treatment for PUD. Which combination of medications is MOST likely included?
What is the primary action of pancrelipase?
What is the primary action of pancrelipase?
What is the most concerning adverse effect of theophylline that the nurse should monitor for?
What is the most concerning adverse effect of theophylline that the nurse should monitor for?
Which of the following medications is a 2nd generation antihistamine?
Which of the following medications is a 2nd generation antihistamine?
A patient on long-term orlistat therapy should be monitored for:
A patient on long-term orlistat therapy should be monitored for:
What should the nurse be aware of when administering metoclopramide?
What should the nurse be aware of when administering metoclopramide?
A patient taking dronabinol should be instructed to discard the medication after how many days once opened?
A patient taking dronabinol should be instructed to discard the medication after how many days once opened?
Flashcards
Albuterol
Albuterol
Immediate relief for acute asthma exacerbation.
Beclomethasone
Beclomethasone
Reduces swelling/irritation of airways as a steroid.
Cromolyn
Cromolyn
Stabilizes mast cells, blocking histamine release.
Diphenhydramine
Diphenhydramine
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Acetylcysteine
Acetylcysteine
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Timolol/Dorzolamide
Timolol/Dorzolamide
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Latanoprost/Brimonidine
Latanoprost/Brimonidine
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Omeprazole
Omeprazole
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Aluminum Hydroxide
Aluminum Hydroxide
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Famotidine
Famotidine
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Sucralfate
Sucralfate
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Laxative General Rules
Laxative General Rules
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Ondansetron
Ondansetron
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Orlistat
Orlistat
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Pseudoephedrine
Pseudoephedrine
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Clarithromycin
Clarithromycin
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Magnesium Hydroxide
Magnesium Hydroxide
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Phentermine
Phentermine
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Dexamethasone
Dexamethasone
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Study Notes
Respiratory Meds
- Albuterol's indication is immediate relief of acute asthma exacerbation
- Albuterol's adverse effects include tremor and nervousness
- Ipratropium is an anticholinergic
- Ipratropium's adverse effect is DUCCT(dry mouth, urine retention, constipation/confusion, tachycardia)
- Beclomethasone, a steroid, reduces swelling/irritation of airways
- Beclomethasone's adverse effect is candidiasis, so the patient should rinse their mouth with water
- Cromolyn stabilizes mast cells and blocks histamine release
- Montelukast's adverse effect is suicide ideation
- Theophylline can cause palpitations and restlessness if levels are elevated
- Omalizumab is a monoclonal antibody
Common Cold Meds
- Diphenhydramine is a first-generation antihistamine
- Diphenhydramine's adverse effects include drowsiness/sedation
- Fexofenadine is a second-generation antihistamine with little to no sedation
- Fluticasone is a steroid
- Fluticasone's adverse effects include epistaxis (nose bleed), nasal ulceration, and cough
- Pseudoephedrine and Phenylephrine are stimulants to avoid with hypertension
- Pseudoephedrine and Phenylephrine's adverse effects include rebound congestion and insomnia
- Phenylephrine's additional adverse effect is adrenergic agonist
- Codeine's adverse effect is respiratory depression
- Acetylcysteine is indicated for cystic fibrosis because it breaks down thick secretions
- Guaifenesin is an expectorant
- Dextromethorphan is a natural herbal cough suppressant
- Honey is a natural herbal cough suppressant and should not be given to children under 1 year of age
Glaucoma
- Timolol/Dorzolamide is for open-angle glaucoma
- Timolol/Dorzolamide decreases the production of aqueous humor, monitor heart rate
- Latanoprost/Brimonidine is for open-angle glaucoma
- Latanoprost/Brimonidine increases outflow of aqueous humor
- Latanoprost's adverse effect is hyperpigmentation of eyes/lashes
- Pilocarpine is for closed-angle glaucoma
- Pilocarpine's adverse effects are pupil constriction and bradycardia
- Mannitol/Acetazolamide is for closed-angle glaucoma
Otitis Externa/Media
- Amoxicillin is indicated for otitis media
- Ciprofloxacin/Dexamethasone is indicated for otitis externa
- For ear drops:
- Adults: pull ear up and back
- Children: pull ear down and back
Gastro Drugs: GERD, Heartburn, PUD
- Peptic Ulcer Disease triple therapy includes:
- Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor
- Clarithromycin, antibiotic #1
- Amoxicillin, antibiotic #2
- Antacids neutralize stomach acid
- Aluminum Hydroxide's adverse effect is constipation
- Magnesium Hydroxide's adverse effect is diarrhea
Acid Reducers
- Acid Reducers adverse effect is vitamin B12 deficiency, osteoporosis, and gastroenteritis
- Famotidine is an H2 histamine blocker
- Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor
GI Protectants
- Sucralfate is a gel-like, sugary coating for the stomach lining
- Misoprostol is indicated for the prevention of gastric ulcers with long-term NSAID use and protects the patient from peptic ulcer disease
GI Stimulant
- Metoclopramide should be avoided in patients with Parkinson's
Laxatives
- General rules for laxatives are to increase fluids and fiber and avoid bowel obstruction
- Psyllium is bulk-forming
- it increases fluid intake
- Senna is a stimulant
- Senna's adverse effect is abdominal pain
- Lactulose is osmotic
- Lactulose's adverse effect is hyperglycemia, caution in patients with diabetes
Antidiarrheal Agents
- diphenoxylate/Atropine/Loperamide is indicated for ileostomy
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
- Sulfasalazine's adverse effects include GI upset, photosensitivity, SJS (rash), and bone marrow suppression
- Probiotics are a treatment option
Antiemetic Drugs
- Ondansetron is a serotonin receptor antagonist
- Ondansetron is contraindicated in patients with a history of cardiac arrhythmias
- Scopolamine is an anticholinergic that dries secretions
- Dronabinol is a cannabinoid
- Dronabinol's adverse effect is increased appetite
- Dronabinol should be discarded 28 days after opening
- Dimenhydrinate is an A1 antihistamine
- Dimenhydrinate's adverse effect is sedation
- Lorazepam is a Benzodiazepine
- Both Dexamethasone (corticosteroid) and Aprepitant (substance P/neurokinin antagonist) are used for chemotherapy-induced nausea/vomiting
Weight Loss Drugs
- Orlistat is for obese patients in addition to diet/exercise
- Orlistat's adverse effect is steatorrhea (oily stool)
- Phentermine is for obese patients in addition to diet/exercise
- Phentermine is contraindicated in patients with cardiac disease and hyperthyroidism
Digestive Enzyme
- Pancrelipase is indicated for cystic fibrosis
- Pancrelipase is contraindicated in patients with pork allergy
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