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Questions and Answers
What is the process called in which yeast cells carry out anaerobic respiration?
What is the process called in which yeast cells carry out anaerobic respiration?
What are the reactants required for photosynthesis?
What are the reactants required for photosynthesis?
What are the products of photosynthesis?
What are the products of photosynthesis?
Where does photosynthesis primarily occur in plants?
Where does photosynthesis primarily occur in plants?
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What pigment in plant cells is responsible for using the energy in light for photosynthesis?
What pigment in plant cells is responsible for using the energy in light for photosynthesis?
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What is the purpose of the spongy mesophyll layer in leaves?
What is the purpose of the spongy mesophyll layer in leaves?
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What is the role of plant roots in photosynthesis?
What is the role of plant roots in photosynthesis?
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How do leaves help to maintain oxygen levels in the atmosphere?
How do leaves help to maintain oxygen levels in the atmosphere?
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What is the purpose of the epidermis layer in leaves?
What is the purpose of the epidermis layer in leaves?
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What process do plants use to gain energy from the glucose produced during photosynthesis?
What process do plants use to gain energy from the glucose produced during photosynthesis?
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What is the purpose of respiration?
What is the purpose of respiration?
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Which of the following is true about aerobic respiration?
Which of the following is true about aerobic respiration?
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What happens during intense exercise when there is not enough oxygen?
What happens during intense exercise when there is not enough oxygen?
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What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in animal muscles?
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in animal muscles?
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What is the main difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
What is the main difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
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What happens to muscles after a long period of intense exercise?
What happens to muscles after a long period of intense exercise?
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What increases during exercise to meet the increased demand for respiration?
What increases during exercise to meet the increased demand for respiration?
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Which of the following is true about respiration?
Which of the following is true about respiration?
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What is the purpose of the oxygen debt that occurs during anaerobic respiration?
What is the purpose of the oxygen debt that occurs during anaerobic respiration?
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Study Notes
Anaerobic Respiration in Yeast Cells
- Fermentation in yeast cells produces ethanol and carbon dioxide, used in making bread and alcoholic drinks.
- The word equation for fermentation is: Glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide.
Photosynthesis
- Plants and algae make their own food through photosynthesis.
- Almost all life on Earth depends on photosynthetic organisms.
- Light provides the energy needed for photosynthesis.
- Water and carbon dioxide are the reactants required for photosynthesis.
- Plants produce carbohydrates in their leaves through photosynthesis and gain mineral nutrients and water from the soil via their roots.
- The products of photosynthesis are oxygen and glucose.
- The word equation for photosynthesis is: carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen.
- Photosynthesis maintains levels of oxygen in the atmosphere.
Leaf Structure and Photosynthesis
- Leaves are the primary site of photosynthesis in plants.
- Chloroplasts in plant cells contain a green pigment called chlorophyll, which uses the energy in light for photosynthesis.
- Leaves have adaptations to carry out photosynthesis effectively, including:
- Epidermis: thin and transparent to allow more light to pass through.
- Palisade mesophyll: site of photosynthesis, containing many chloroplasts to absorb maximum sunlight.
- Spongy mesophyll: contains many air spaces to increase surface area and allow carbon dioxide and oxygen to diffuse easily.
Respiration
- Respiration is a chemical reaction that gives out heat (exothermic).
- All living things respire.
- Respiration is carried out in all cells continuously.
- The purpose of respiration is to release energy for organisms to use.
- Living things need energy for movement, keeping warm, and for other chemical reactions to build molecules.
- The word equation for aerobic respiration is: Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water.
Respiration and Exercise
- During exercise, cells require a greater rate of respiration to provide more energy for movement.
- Heart rate, breathing rate, and breathing volume all increase during exercise to meet the increased demand for reactants during respiration.
Anaerobic Respiration
- Anaerobic means 'without oxygen'.
- Anaerobic respiration takes place without oxygen and releases less energy than aerobic respiration.
- During intense exercise, if there is not enough oxygen, anaerobic respiration takes place.
- Aerobic respiration uses oxygen and releases more energy than anaerobic respiration.
- Anaerobic respiration in muscle cells causes a build-up of lactic acid, resulting in an oxygen debt.
- The word equation for anaerobic respiration is: Glucose → lactic acid (in animal muscles).
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Description
Test your knowledge about respiration, an essential process in all living things to release energy. Learn about aerobic respiration, the chemical reaction, and its connection to exercise.
