Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which process requires oxygen to release energy in living organisms?
Which process requires oxygen to release energy in living organisms?
Anaerobic respiration produces more energy than aerobic respiration.
Anaerobic respiration produces more energy than aerobic respiration.
False
What is the main energy currency of the cell?
What is the main energy currency of the cell?
ATP
During intense exercise, the body may shift to __________ respiration due to low oxygen levels.
During intense exercise, the body may shift to __________ respiration due to low oxygen levels.
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Match the following types of respiration with their characteristics:
Match the following types of respiration with their characteristics:
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What is produced as a by-product of anaerobic respiration in yeast?
What is produced as a by-product of anaerobic respiration in yeast?
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Yeast is commonly used in baking because it helps produce lactic acid in dough.
Yeast is commonly used in baking because it helps produce lactic acid in dough.
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What happens to lactic acid during the recovery period after intense exercise?
What happens to lactic acid during the recovery period after intense exercise?
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Study Notes
Unit 3: Releasing Energy, L3.1: Respiration
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Objectives:
- Explain the uses of energy in living organisms.
- State the two types of respiration.
- Understand each type of respiration.
Energy Needs of Cells
- Cells need energy to function.
- Energy sources include energy-rich substances like glucose and oxygen.
Respiration
- Respiration is the release of chemical energy in cells.
- It is a process crucial to all living organisms.
Types of Respiration
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Aerobic Respiration:
- The release of energy using oxygen.
- In animals, oxygen and glucose are transported by the circulatory system and diffuse into cells.
- In plants, sugar is transported in phloem tissue.
- Occurs in specialised organelles called mitochondria.
- Products include carbon dioxide, water, and energy (ATP).
- Word equation: glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy (ATP)
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Anaerobic Respiration:
- The release of energy without oxygen.
- Occurs when there's insufficient oxygen, often during intense exercise in humans.
- In humans, it produces lactic acid and a smaller amount of energy.
- Word equation: glucose → lactic acid + some energy.
- In yeast or plant cells, it produces alcohol and carbon dioxide, alongside some energy.
- Word equation: glucose → alcohol + carbon dioxide + some energy
Uses of Energy in Animals and Humans
- Movement (muscle contraction)
- Making new substances (e.g., protein from amino acids)
- Growth and repair
- Active transport (moving substances against concentration gradients)
- Nerve impulses
- Maintaining constant body temperature (in mammals and birds)
Uses of Energy in Plants
- All processes except movement and nerve impulses.
What is ATP?
- ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the energy currency of cells.
Oxygen Debt
- Oxygen debt is the extra oxygen the body needs after intense exercise to remove lactic acid.
Fermentation
- A type of anaerobic respiration used by yeast to produce alcoholic drinks (wine, beer) and bread.
- Carbon dioxide produced in this process causes bread to become airy.
Why is yeast used to make bread?
- Yeast undergoes anaerobic respiration, releasing carbon dioxide.
- The carbon dioxide gets trapped in the dough, creating air pockets, leading to light and airy bread.
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Description
This quiz covers the processes of respiration in living organisms, focusing on both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. You'll learn about the energy needs of cells and how respiration occurs in various organisms. Test your understanding of the essential role energy plays in life.
