Resource Distribution in Contemporary India - II Quiz

Resource Planning in India

• Resource planning involves identifying and inventorying resources across regions, evolving a planning structure with technology and institutional setup for resource development.
• It involves surveying, mapping, and estimating resources qualitatively and quantitatively.

Land Resources

• Land is a natural resource of utmost importance, supporting natural vegetation, wildlife, human life, economic activities, transport, and communication systems.
• India has land under various relief features: mountains (30% of the total surface area), plateaus (27% of the total area), and plains (43% of the total area).

Land Utilisation in India

• Land resources are used for:
  • Forests
  • Land not available for cultivation (barren and waste land, land put to non-agricultural uses)
  • Other uncultivated land (permanent pastures and grazing land, land under miscellaneous tree crops)
  • Fallow lands (current fallow and other than current fallow)
  • Net sown area (physical extent of land on which crops are sown and harvested)

Soil Formation and Types

• Soil formation involves physical and chemical changes in the topsoil, subsoil, and weathered parent rock material.
• Soils in India are classified into different types based on factors like relief features, landforms, climatic realms, and vegetation types.
• Main types of soils in India:
  • Alluvial Soils (most widely spread, found in northern plains, Rajasthan, and Gujarat)
  • Black Soils (found in Deccan plateau, rich in soil nutrients, capable of holding moisture)
  • Red and Yellow Soils (develop on crystalline igneous rocks, found in eastern and southern parts of Deccan plateau)
  • Laterite Soil (develops under tropical and subtropical climate, found in areas with alternate wet and dry seasons)