Research Writing Essentials Quiz

A brainstorming technique where you write down your thoughts and ideas freely without editing or censoring yourself. It helps to overcome writer's block by getting your thoughts flowing.

The initial stage in the writing process where you gather your thoughts, define your message, and consider your audience's needs. It helps you clarify your purpose and organize your ideas.

The act of considering your target audience, their knowledge, interests, and perspectives when shaping your message. This ensures your writing effectively communicates with them.

The overall objective or purpose you aim to achieve with your writing. It guides your prewriting process and helps you stay focused on your intended outcome.

A specific, testable prediction about the expected outcome of a study. It is based on existing knowledge, observations, or theoretical frameworks.

A hypothesis stating that there is no effect, difference, or relationship between the variables being investigated.

A hypothesis proposing that there is an effect, difference, or relationship between the variables being investigated. It's what the researcher hopes to prove.

A characteristic that can be measured or observed and can vary in value.

An experiment must be designed in a way that allows researchers to gather data to prove or disprove the hypothesis.

The hypothesis must be clear and specific, stating exactly what relationship or effect is being tested.

A hypothesis must be formulated based on existing knowledge, observations, or theoretical frameworks.

The process of developing a hypothesis involves identifying a research problem, conducting background research, and formulating a specific prediction based on the available information.

The process of gathering and analyzing data to determine whether there is evidence to support or reject a hypothesis.

The process of evaluating the strength of evidence to support or reject a hypothesis based on the results of the study.

A detailed analysis or argument supported by evidence from various sources.

A carefully written argument or analysis, combining original thoughts with information from credible sources.

To document knowledge for future use, enhance understanding by structuring your thoughts, and gain new perspectives on a topic.

A research paper based on studies, models, or experiments.

Provides a personal interpretation or opinion on a topic, often based on analysis of data or events.

Analyzes the technical aspects of tools, processes, or software, often providing evaluation.

Presents detailed information about real-world interventions or scenarios, often highlighting specific outcomes.

Summarizes and critically evaluates existing research on a particular topic, analyzing strengths and weaknesses.

1. Gather ideas before writing. 2. Cite all direct quotes. 3. Paraphrase carefully to avoid plagiarizing. 4. Always cite when in doubt.

Organize the paper with an introduction, body, discussion, title, abstract, references list. Each section has a specific purpose.

The extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to other populations, settings, or times.

A threat to external validity where the sample used in a study is not representative of the broader population.

A threat to external validity where findings from a controlled environment (e.g., lab) may not apply to real-world situations.

A threat to external validity where findings may become outdated due to changes in society or technology.

A strategy to enhance external validity by conducting a study in multiple settings or with different populations.

The process of using instruments that have been proven to accurately measure a concept.

Testing an instrument on a small group before the main research, ensuring clarity and appropriateness for the target audience.

The type of music used in a study (e.g., classical or pop).

The effect or outcome measured in a study, like concentration level.

Factors that could influence the results but are kept constant to isolate the effects of the independent variable (e.g., study environment, test difficulty).

A study's accuracy in measuring what it claims to measure.

A study's consistency - can the results be reproduced under similar conditions?

Factors that could influence results but are kept constant, ensuring that the main variable is the cause of any observed effects.

A sample population that accurately reflects the target group, making it easier to generalize findings.

The process of randomly assigning participants to groups, reducing bias and increasing internal validity.