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Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of identifying ethical issues in a research proposal?
What is the purpose of identifying ethical issues in a research proposal?
What is the purpose of including a timetable in a research proposal?
What is the purpose of including a timetable in a research proposal?
What is the purpose of including a budget in a research proposal?
What is the purpose of including a budget in a research proposal?
What is the purpose of including a list of references in a research proposal?
What is the purpose of including a list of references in a research proposal?
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What is the purpose of including annexes in a research proposal?
What is the purpose of including annexes in a research proposal?
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What is the purpose of validating research findings?
What is the purpose of validating research findings?
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What is the purpose of describing potential tools and methods in a research proposal?
What is the purpose of describing potential tools and methods in a research proposal?
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What is the purpose of outlining the research design in a research proposal?
What is the purpose of outlining the research design in a research proposal?
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What is the purpose of dealing with ethical issues in a research proposal?
What is the purpose of dealing with ethical issues in a research proposal?
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What is the purpose of including a description of how to show the applicability of research findings in a research proposal?
What is the purpose of including a description of how to show the applicability of research findings in a research proposal?
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Study Notes
What is a Research Proposal?
- A research proposal is a document that provides a detailed description of the intended research program.
- It outlines the entire research process, giving a reader a summary of the information discussed in a project.
- The objective of writing a proposal is to describe what you will do, why it should be done, how you will do it, and what you expect to result.
Essential Parts of a Research Proposal
- Title
- Abstract
- Introduction and background of research
- Statement of the problem
- Critical review of literature or theoretical framework
- Research problems and hypotheses (or research questions)
- Aims and objectives
- Methodology and procedure of the study
- Implications or significance of the problem
- Work schedule (timetable)
- References
- Budget and resources
- Annexes
Title of the Proposal
- Should be concise, descriptive, informative, and catchy
- Should clearly indicate the independent and dependent variables
- Provides the "key words" for classification and indexing of the project
Abstract
- A brief summary of approximately 300 words
- Summarizes all the central elements of the protocol
- Includes the rationale, objectives, methods, populations, time frame, and expected outcomes
Introduction
- Provides background information
- Includes topic area, research problems (hypotheses or research questions), and significance to knowledge
- Literature review is central to the introduction, serving two main functions:
- Broadening the knowledge base
- Informing methods and research design
Critical Review of Literature
- Summarizes previous research to understand what is already known and unknown
- Helps to eliminate replication of what has been done
- Provides a basis for formulating research problems and deciding methodology
- Helps to determine the significance of the proposed research
Statement of the Problem
- Identifies gaps in the existing body of knowledge
- Identifies unanswered questions
- Identifies the issues that are the basis of the study
- Develops a rationale for the study with reference to how it will fill the identified gaps
Hypotheses
- A statement of assumptions about a phenomenon or relationship between two variables
- A scientific study is based on hypotheses
- Indicates the expected outcomes of the investigation
- Should be first stated in positive form
- Objectives of the study can be written based on the hypotheses
Aim and Objectives
- Aim is a broad statement of what you hope to do
- Objectives are specific and indicate the central problem of the study
- Main objectives and sub-objectives should be clearly stated
- Each sub-objective should address only one issue
- Objectives should use action-oriented verbs such as "to determine", "to find out", and "to ascertain"
Methodology and Procedure of the Study
- Outlines the entire research plan
- Describes the sample, population, tools, and statistical analysis techniques
- Describes how to answer research questions, carry out the research, validate findings, and show applicability
Ethical Issues
- Identify any ethical issues that may arise during the research
- Describe how to deal with them
- Consider ethical issues from the viewpoint of respondents, including potential "harm"
Work Schedule
- Set dates for completing the research
- List operational steps and indicate the date by which each task will be completed
- Develop a chart of timetable
References
- Provides a list of references in the form of a bibliography
- Includes books, journals, conference proceedings, etc.
Budget and Resources
- Identify what is needed for the research and estimate costs
- Consider funding body requirements or limited budget constraints
Annexes
- Include appropriate appendixes in the proposal
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Description
A research proposal is a document that outlines the entire research process, including objectives, methods, and expected results. It serves as a guide for the project.
