Research Process and Ethical Considerations Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What does science strive to arrive at?

  • Theories based on assumptions
  • Statements of fact (correct)
  • Hypotheses without empirical support
  • Descriptive statements without testing

    • How are descriptive statements and hypotheses interpreted in science?

  • As absolute truths regardless of empirical support
  • As unimportant in the scientific process
  • As statements of fact when supported by scientific perspective and method (correct)
  • As subjective opinions of researchers

    • What is a theory in the context of science?

  • A random assortment of statements
  • A hypothesis without any empirical support
  • A collection of untested assumptions
  • A set of logically related statements, at least some of which have been tested and supported empirically (correct)

    • What does the text remind us about the nature of science and researchers?

    <p>Science deals with supposed statements of fact formulated and tested by fallible humans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the entire scientific enterprise involve?

    <p>Selectivity and choice in the investigation of questions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should consumers demand in research accounts?

    <p>Complete, accurate, and understandable research accounts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can influence researchers' work?

    <p>Lapses in memory, errors, and biases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do researchers and the audience need to maintain about research data and conclusions?

    <p>Healthy skepticism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the language used by researchers do?

    <p>Shapes their view of the world</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does science operate according to?

    <p>Explicitly stated rules, emphasizing precise research questions, careful design, logic, and empirical data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should researchers do to ensure ethical considerations in their research?

    <p>Inform subjects of risks, protect anonymity and confidentiality, and abide by ethical principles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is crucial for intelligent appraisal and replication of research?

    <p>Interpreting results cautiously and providing a complete research description</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is involved in statistical analysis in research?

    <p>Careful consideration of sampling procedures, measures of association, and statistical significance tests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility in enforcing ethical principles in research?

    <p>The individual conducting the research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should researchers seek in their study with respect to the individuals being studied?

    <p>Deep, rich understandings with validity, reliability, and respect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a theory in the context of science?

    <p>A set of logically related statements, at least some of which have been tested and supported empirically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of language and symbolic perspectives in science?

    <p>To indicate the results obtained through scientific methodology and methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do descriptive statements and hypotheses supported through the scientific perspective and scientific method represent?

    <p>Statements of fact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the entire scientific enterprise involve?

    <p>Selectivity and choice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is crucial for intelligent appraisal and replication of research?

    <p>An appropriately critical attitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does science strive to arrive at?

    <p>Statements of fact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is involved in statistical analysis in research?

    <p>Testing and interpreting data to support or refute hypotheses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should researchers remind themselves about the nature of science and researchers?

    <p>That science deals with supposed statements of fact formulated and tested by fallible humans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the language used by researchers do?

    <p>Influence the interpretation of scientific results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does science operate according to?

    <p>Supposed statements of fact, formulated and tested by fallible humans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should consumers demand in research accounts?

    <p>Complete, accurate, and understandable research accounts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do researchers and the audience need to maintain about research data and conclusions?

    <p>Healthy skepticism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influences researchers' view of the world?

    <p>Language used by researchers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can influence researchers' work?

    <p>Lapses in memory, errors, and biases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do researchers face regarding research design, analysis, and data interpretation?

    <p>Moral and practical dilemmas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does science operate according to?

    <p>Explicitly stated rules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do students need to understand and appreciate about the scientific perspective?

    <p>Strengths and shortcomings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be used to mask important evidence?

    <p>Statistics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the scientific perspective provide for generating knowledge?

    <p>A powerful technique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should researchers and the audience regard reported data and conclusions as?

    <p>Tentative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should researchers do to ensure ethical considerations in their research?

    <p>Inform subjects of risks, protect anonymity and confidentiality, and abide by ethical principles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is crucial for intelligent appraisal and replication of research?

    <p>Interpreting results cautiously and providing a complete research description</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do professional organizations and funding agencies enforce in research?

    <p>Ethical principles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is involved in statistical analysis in research?

    <p>Careful consideration of sampling procedures, measures of association, and statistical significance tests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do researchers have obligations to in the research process?

    <p>Themselves, their audiences, and their subjects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should consumers of scientific research invest in to understand the results presented?

    <p>Time and effort to understand the process that produced the results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does statistical analysis in research require in terms of sampling procedures?

    <p>Careful consideration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is important for researchers in using online computer software programs for data collection and analysis?

    <p>Adherence to scientific principles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should researchers seek in their study with respect to the individuals being studied?

    <p>Deep, rich understandings with validity, reliability, and respect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should researchers do with the decisions they make in their research?

    <p>Assess their implications and report their reasoning in the research report</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Research Process and Ethical Considerations

    • Research involves determining units of analysis, hypotheses, research style, design, relevant variables, and methods.
    • Each research decision carries advantages and disadvantages, focusing on some aspects while ignoring others.
    • Researchers have obligations to themselves, their audiences, and their subjects.
    • Researchers should be aware of the decisions they make, assess their implications, and report their reasoning in the research report.
    • Interpreting results cautiously and providing a complete research description is crucial for intelligent appraisal and replication.
    • Statistical analysis involves careful consideration of sampling procedures, measures of association, and statistical significance tests.
    • Researchers should seek deep, rich understandings with validity, reliability, and respect for the individuals being studied.
    • Use of online computer software programs in data collection and analysis should be done with adherence to scientific principles.
    • Dissemination of research nature, purposes, procedures, and results to the participants should be done, ensuring complete and correct information.
    • Ethical considerations include informing subjects of risks, protecting anonymity and confidentiality, and abiding by ethical principles.
    • Consumers of scientific research should invest time and effort to understand the process that produced the results presented.
    • Professional organizations and funding agencies enforce ethical principles, but the primary responsibility rests with the individual conducting the research.

    Research Process and Ethical Considerations

    • Research involves determining units of analysis, hypotheses, research style, design, relevant variables, and methods.
    • Each research decision carries advantages and disadvantages, focusing on some aspects while ignoring others.
    • Researchers have obligations to themselves, their audiences, and their subjects.
    • Researchers should be aware of the decisions they make, assess their implications, and report their reasoning in the research report.
    • Interpreting results cautiously and providing a complete research description is crucial for intelligent appraisal and replication.
    • Statistical analysis involves careful consideration of sampling procedures, measures of association, and statistical significance tests.
    • Researchers should seek deep, rich understandings with validity, reliability, and respect for the individuals being studied.
    • Use of online computer software programs in data collection and analysis should be done with adherence to scientific principles.
    • Dissemination of research nature, purposes, procedures, and results to the participants should be done, ensuring complete and correct information.
    • Ethical considerations include informing subjects of risks, protecting anonymity and confidentiality, and abiding by ethical principles.
    • Consumers of scientific research should invest time and effort to understand the process that produced the results presented.
    • Professional organizations and funding agencies enforce ethical principles, but the primary responsibility rests with the individual conducting the research.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of the research process and ethical considerations with this quiz. Explore key aspects such as research decisions, ethical obligations, statistical analysis, and dissemination of research. Gain insights into the importance of validity, reliability, and ethical principles in conducting research.

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