Research Philosophy Quiz

Research Philosophy

• The five pillars of research philosophy are: Ontology, Epistemology, Axiology, Methodology, and Rationale.

Limitations of Observation

• Observation by natural senses is not enough to describe reality because it is limited by individual perspectives and biases.

Primary Concern of Science

• The primary concern of science is to establish objective knowledge that is independent of individual perspectives and biases.

Objectivity in Social Science

• It is challenging for social scientists to achieve objectivity because they are part of the social world they are studying, and their personal experiences and biases can influence their research.

Classical Theory and Nuclear Physics

• The study of nuclear physics reveals that classical theory is insufficient to describe phenomena at the atomic and subatomic level.

Analytic Induction

• The primary purpose of analytic induction in social research is to identify the necessary and sufficient conditions for a particular phenomenon to occur.

Universality in Analytic Induction

• In the context of analytic induction, 'universal' refers to the identification of universal conditions that are applicable to all cases of a particular phenomenon.

Identifying Similarities

• If no relevant similarities can be identified in analytic induction, the researcher should revisit the initial observations and reformulate the hypotheses.

Development of Analytic Induction

• Alfred Lindesmith and Donald Cressey refined the procedure of analytic induction in their studies of opiate addiction and embezzlers, respectively.

Analytic Induction vs. Enumerative Research

• Florian Znaniecki contrasted analytic induction with enumerative research, highlighting the former's focus on in-depth analysis of a small number of cases to identify universal conditions, whereas the latter involves the analysis of a large number of cases to identify patterns and trends.