Lecture 8 PSYCH2018

Experimental designs with one independent variable (IV).

Participants randomly assigned to different groups representing different levels of the IV.

Participants matched on certain characteristics before being assigned to different groups.

Same participants exposed to all levels of the IV.

Statistical test for two groups in an independent-groups design.

Statistical test for comparing two conditions experienced by the same participants.

Statistical test for more than two groups in a single-factor experimental design.

Groups that don't receive the experimental treatment and help isolate the effect of the IV.

The ability to anticipate upcoming tasks or events in an experiment. This helps ensure that participants are prepared for the next step and that the experiment flows smoothly.

A characteristic of a participant that's NOT manipulated by the researcher, such as age, gender, or personality.

A research design where the independent variable is a pre-existing characteristic of the participants, rather than something manipulated by the researcher.

The extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to real-world situations.

The consistency of ratings or judgments made by two or more observers.

A research procedure where neither the participants nor the researchers know who’s receiving the experimental treatment.

A person who is part of a research team but pretends to be a regular participant.

An experimental design with one independent variable (IV) having three or more levels. Participants are randomly assigned to different groups representing each level of the IV.

An experimental design where all participants experience all levels of the independent variable (IV) in a specific order.

A technique used to control for order effects in repeated-measures designs, ensuring that each level of the IV appears equally often in each position in the sequence.

A false explanation given to participants to disguise the true purpose of an experiment.

A graph used to visualize the means of different groups in an experiment (or other data), where bars represent each group and their height corresponds to their mean.

A graph used to illustrate trends or relationships over time or across various levels of an IV. Points are connected by lines, indicating changes in the dependent variable.

Outcomes in which the dependent variable doesn't change in a simple linear fashion across the levels of the independent variable, but rather in a curved pattern.

A graph that demonstrates the relationship between time and memory retention, showing that forgetting occurs rapidly at first and then levels off.

A control group where each participant is matched with an experimental participant based on specific characteristics. The control group receives a similar treatment but without the key element being studied.

A control group that receives a fake treatment designed to mimic the experimental treatment. This helps isolate the effect of the real treatment by controlling for factors like expectations.

A smaller-scale version of an experiment conducted before the main study to refine the research design and ensure feasibility.

Participants' awareness of being studied can influence their behavior, even if the intervention has no real effect.

A research method where both the researchers and participants are unaware of who receives the experimental treatment. This minimizes bias from expectations.