Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of qualitative research?
What is the primary focus of qualitative research?
Which sampling method is typically used in quantitative research?
Which sampling method is typically used in quantitative research?
What is the typical relationship between researchers and participants in qualitative research?
What is the typical relationship between researchers and participants in qualitative research?
What does the term 'Lived Space' refer to in the context of phenomenology?
What does the term 'Lived Space' refer to in the context of phenomenology?
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Which type of data is primarily utilized in quantitative research?
Which type of data is primarily utilized in quantitative research?
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What is a common characteristic of qualitative data analysis?
What is a common characteristic of qualitative data analysis?
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Which question best illustrates the concept of 'Lived Time'?
Which question best illustrates the concept of 'Lived Time'?
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What aspect of lived experience is primarily concerned with physical existence and bodily awareness?
What aspect of lived experience is primarily concerned with physical existence and bodily awareness?
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Which of the following is true regarding the generalizability of qualitative research findings?
Which of the following is true regarding the generalizability of qualitative research findings?
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What is one purpose of qualitative research?
What is one purpose of qualitative research?
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What type of research setting is typically associated with quantitative research?
What type of research setting is typically associated with quantitative research?
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What does the scientific method of quantitative research involve?
What does the scientific method of quantitative research involve?
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What is a primary focus of qualitative research when analyzing data?
What is a primary focus of qualitative research when analyzing data?
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Which of the following does NOT represent a question related to 'Lived Body'?
Which of the following does NOT represent a question related to 'Lived Body'?
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What type of information is most often reported in quantitative research?
What type of information is most often reported in quantitative research?
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Which of the following questions best pertains to 'Lived Human Relations'?
Which of the following questions best pertains to 'Lived Human Relations'?
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What is the main focus of the questions that describe the 'Lived Space' aspect?
What is the main focus of the questions that describe the 'Lived Space' aspect?
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What is the main focus of content analysis in qualitative research?
What is the main focus of content analysis in qualitative research?
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What characterizes qualitative research in terms of its data collection approach?
What characterizes qualitative research in terms of its data collection approach?
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How do achievements contribute to personal life according to the phenomenological perspective?
How do achievements contribute to personal life according to the phenomenological perspective?
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In qualitative research, what is an inductive process used for?
In qualitative research, what is an inductive process used for?
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What is the primary purpose of participant observation in qualitative research?
What is the primary purpose of participant observation in qualitative research?
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What distinguishes in-depth interviews from regular conversations?
What distinguishes in-depth interviews from regular conversations?
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Which group size is typical for a focus group interview in qualitative research?
Which group size is typical for a focus group interview in qualitative research?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the four aspects of lived experience identified by Manen?
Which of the following is NOT one of the four aspects of lived experience identified by Manen?
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Which of the following is a reason why self-reported data may be unreliable?
Which of the following is a reason why self-reported data may be unreliable?
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What is a characteristic of systematic observation?
What is a characteristic of systematic observation?
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Which of the following studies is an example of correlational research?
Which of the following studies is an example of correlational research?
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In which type of research would you collect data from national surveys or historical records?
In which type of research would you collect data from national surveys or historical records?
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What is a limitation of quantitative research?
What is a limitation of quantitative research?
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Why might numerical data be insufficient in some research contexts?
Why might numerical data be insufficient in some research contexts?
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What aspect does descriptive research primarily focus on?
What aspect does descriptive research primarily focus on?
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What is a significant strength of qualitative research?
What is a significant strength of qualitative research?
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Which of the following is a common method used in systematic observation?
Which of the following is a common method used in systematic observation?
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What is an advantage of quantitative research?
What is an advantage of quantitative research?
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In ex post facto research, what is primarily compared between groups?
In ex post facto research, what is primarily compared between groups?
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Which research type does NOT involve experimental manipulation?
Which research type does NOT involve experimental manipulation?
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Which statement accurately describes the use of intact groups in research?
Which statement accurately describes the use of intact groups in research?
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What type of research is specifically designed to answer questions of who, what, when, where, and how?
What type of research is specifically designed to answer questions of who, what, when, where, and how?
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Which data collection technique is NOT commonly associated with correlational research?
Which data collection technique is NOT commonly associated with correlational research?
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What is the main goal of quasi-experimental research?
What is the main goal of quasi-experimental research?
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What is a characteristic feature of descriptive research?
What is a characteristic feature of descriptive research?
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Study Notes
Objectives of the Lesson
- Understand research processes and their specifics.
- Differentiate between qualitative and quantitative research.
- Identify data used in both qualitative and quantitative research.
Qualitative Research
- Reveals participants' views and perspectives.
- Emphasizes understanding through verbal data and observations.
- Utilizes purposive sampling with small sample sizes.
- Involves less formal relationships with participants.
- Collects verbal, image, or artifact-based data.
- Data collection methods include interviews, observations, and document analysis.
- Analysis involves content analysis and coding with moderate to high subjectivity.
- Reporting is typically narrative with participant context.
Quantitative Research
- Tests causal relationships between variables and makes predictions.
- Focuses on generalizing results to a larger population.
- Employs random sampling with larger sample sizes.
- Utilizes formal relationships with participants.
- Collects statistical, number-based data.
- Data collection methods include tests and experiments requiring precise measurements.
- Data analysis uses statistical methods with low subjectivity.
- High generalizability with confirmatory and deductive scientific methods.
Qualitative Research Paradigms
- Involves beliefs dictating what should be studied and how research should be executed.
- Primarily based on human interactions rather than mechanical instruments.
- Descriptive and interested in processes, meanings, and understanding.
Methods in Qualitative Research
- Participant Observation: Immersion in participants' natural settings to record behaviors.
- Observation: Systematic noting of events and behaviors in social settings.
- In-Depth Interview: Conversations that include predetermined response categories.
- Focus Group Interview: Includes 6-10 participants sharing common characteristics relevant to research.
- Content Analysis: Systematic examination of communication forms for objective pattern documentation.
- Narratology: Sensitive narrative inquiry focused on personal experiences.
- Visual Media: Analysis of films and photographs capturing perspectives of events.
Strengths of Qualitative Research
- Provides in-depth insights into complex phenomena.
- Reveals underlying meanings and human relationships.
- Enables multiple avenues to understand behaviors and conditions.
Weaknesses of Qualitative Research
- May lack generalizability to larger populations.
- Less effective in establishing causality.
- Potential bias due to researcher interpretation.
Strengths of Quantitative Research
- Results are replicable and generalizable to vast populations.
- Establishes causation and makes predictions based on numerical data.
- Data analysis is quicker with statistical software.
- Lower subjectivity enhances validity and reliability measurement.
Weaknesses of Quantitative Research
- Lacks depth required for understanding complex phenomena.
- May overlook intangible factors influencing behaviors.
- Less flexibility in study design restricts exploratory potential.
Types of Quantitative Research
- Descriptive Research: Answers who, what, when, where, and how of research problems; uses surveys and observations.
- Correlational Research: Examines relationships between variables without inferring causation; utilizes questionnaires and tests.
- Ex Post Facto Research: Analyzes pre-existing conditions to infer causality; uses comparative data techniques.
- Quasi-Experimental Research: Establishes cause-and-effect relationships without random assignment; focuses on intact groups.
- Experimental Research: Involves manipulation of variables to determine effects; rigorously controls conditions and assignments.
Qualitative Research Example
- Phenomenology on Students' Academic Performances: Exploration through lived experiences such as achievements and struggles across time.
Four Aspects of Lived Experience
- Lived Space: Spatiality and interaction with surrounding environments.
- Lived Body: Real existence and physicality through experiences.
- Lived Time: The temporal aspect of experiences and achievements.
- Lived Relations: Interactions with others concerning achievements and their influences.
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Description
This quiz explores the objectives and characteristics of qualitative and quantitative research methods. Learn to identify the processes, data types, and analysis techniques used in both approaches. Test your understanding of how these methods differ and their implications for research.