Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a primary focus of qualitative research?
What is a primary focus of qualitative research?
Which research method is most likely to utilize surveys or questionnaires?
Which research method is most likely to utilize surveys or questionnaires?
During which period did research primarily focus on justifying existing accounting practices?
During which period did research primarily focus on justifying existing accounting practices?
What characterizes the normative period of accounting research?
What characterizes the normative period of accounting research?
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What role do case studies play in qualitative research?
What role do case studies play in qualitative research?
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In accounting research development, what does 'the inconsistency problem' refer to?
In accounting research development, what does 'the inconsistency problem' refer to?
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What type of research focuses more on describing how things currently happen rather than prescribing ideal scenarios?
What type of research focuses more on describing how things currently happen rather than prescribing ideal scenarios?
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Which of the following is not a characteristic of quantitative research?
Which of the following is not a characteristic of quantitative research?
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What major criticism of historical cost accounting is noted regarding its hypothesis testing?
What major criticism of historical cost accounting is noted regarding its hypothesis testing?
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Which aspect does positive research primarily aim to explain?
Which aspect does positive research primarily aim to explain?
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What fundamental principle is used in positive research for developing hypotheses?
What fundamental principle is used in positive research for developing hypotheses?
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What area does behavioral research emphasize in accounting?
What area does behavioral research emphasize in accounting?
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What is a significant limitation of positive research that's frequently pointed out?
What is a significant limitation of positive research that's frequently pointed out?
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Which area of research is suggested to take a normative approach within professional research?
Which area of research is suggested to take a normative approach within professional research?
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What is the primary characteristic of the era defined as the 'positive era' in accounting research?
What is the primary characteristic of the era defined as the 'positive era' in accounting research?
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How does positive research assist regulators in the accounting field?
How does positive research assist regulators in the accounting field?
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Study Notes
Research Methods
- Research methods are strategies, processes, or techniques used to collect data and evidence for analysis, leading to new information and a deeper understanding of a topic.
- Various types of research methods exist, each employing different tools for data collection.
Qualitative Research
- Qualitative research gathers data about lived experiences, emotions, and behaviors, focusing on the meanings individuals attribute to them.
- It helps researchers understand complex concepts, social interactions, and cultural phenomena.
- Qualitative research is useful in exploring how and why events occurred, interpreting events, and describing actions.
Quantitative Research
- Quantitative research gathers numerical data that can be categorized, measured, or ranked through statistical analysis.
- It helps identify patterns and relationships, and allows for generalizations.
- Quantitative research is helpful in determining how many, how much, how often, or the extent of occurrences.
Data Collection Tools
- Tools or techniques for gathering research data include:
- Qualitative: interviews, focus groups, observation, case studies, ethnography
- Quantitative: surveys/questionnaires, experiments, document screening
Accounting Research
- Accounting is a body of practices developed in response to practical needs, rather than systematic thinking.
- Prescriptions for accounting problems emerge as needed.
- Key areas of concern in accounting research include inconsistency and objectivity problems.
Accounting Research Development
- From 1800 to 1955, accounting research was primarily focused on observation of practice, focusing on historical cost and conservatism principles.
- From the 1930s onwards, research aimed to justify accounting practices, with increasing criticism about US practices and the rise of accounting publications like AAA and AICPA.
- In 1959, the AICPA appointed a director for accounting and control research.
Normative Research
- (1956-1970) Normative research is less concerned with what happens in practice and more focused on developing theories about what should happen.
- It aims to derive and prescribe optimal accounting solutions.
- Measurement of accounting was a key debate during this period.
- Two prominent groups are critics of historical cost accounting and proponents of the conceptual framework.
- Major criticisms included lack of empirical hypothesis testing and the reliance on value judgments.
Positive Research
- (1970-present) Positive research is a scientific approach applying financial economic principles, increasing data supply, and testing methods.
- The goal is to explain and predict accounting practices, addressing the confusion around accounting techniques.
- Positive research explores how accounting information impacts various stakeholders, including investors' reactions, creditor's decisions, and design of contracts.
- Wealth maximization is the fundamental driver.
- Accounting is crucial in explaining economic consequences of accounting.
- Critics view the approach of focusing on narrow agency theories and market efficiency as problematic.
Behavioural Research
- Behavioral research examines how individuals react to accounting numbers and information.
- It investigates psychological and sociological influences on accounting practice by managers, shareholders, creditors and the government.
- A broader sociological exploration of how accounting numbers impact stakeholders.
Recent Research
- Current academic research emphasizes capital markets, agency theory, and behavioural impacts.
- Professional research often takes a normative approach.
- Positive and normative approaches are not incompatible; standard setters and regulators consider the implications of accounting information.
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Description
Explore the fundamental concepts of research methods, including qualitative and quantitative approaches. This quiz delves into various strategies for data collection and analysis, providing insights into how researchers gather and interpret information. Perfect for students looking to enhance their understanding of research methodologies.
