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Questions and Answers
What is a key aspect of informed consent in research methodology?
What is a key aspect of informed consent in research methodology?
Which research design is best suited to assess the efficacy of a new drug compared to an existing one?
Which research design is best suited to assess the efficacy of a new drug compared to an existing one?
What does a double-blind study aim to eliminate?
What does a double-blind study aim to eliminate?
What is the primary characteristic of quantitative data in research?
What is the primary characteristic of quantitative data in research?
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Which of the following describes case control studies?
Which of the following describes case control studies?
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What is the primary factor that distinguishes quantitative data from other types?
What is the primary factor that distinguishes quantitative data from other types?
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Which acronym represents the board that oversees ethical considerations in research?
Which acronym represents the board that oversees ethical considerations in research?
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What potential outcome relationship is indicated when a risk factor precedes the outcome?
What potential outcome relationship is indicated when a risk factor precedes the outcome?
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What is the importance of obtaining informed consent in research with human participants?
What is the importance of obtaining informed consent in research with human participants?
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Which type of research study begins when both the exposure and outcome have already occurred?
Which type of research study begins when both the exposure and outcome have already occurred?
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What does the term 'experimental bias' refer to in research?
What does the term 'experimental bias' refer to in research?
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In case-control studies, what is the primary focus?
In case-control studies, what is the primary focus?
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Which of the following is a disadvantage of using secondary data in research?
Which of the following is a disadvantage of using secondary data in research?
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What is the main characteristic of a randomized controlled trial (RCT)?
What is the main characteristic of a randomized controlled trial (RCT)?
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What is essential to include in informed consent during an experiment?
What is essential to include in informed consent during an experiment?
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What does 'h-index' typically measure in academic research?
What does 'h-index' typically measure in academic research?
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Which phase of a randomized controlled trial evaluates long-term drug effectiveness and safety?
Which phase of a randomized controlled trial evaluates long-term drug effectiveness and safety?
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What does selection bias refer to in research?
What does selection bias refer to in research?
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What is a primary concern when appraising a randomized controlled trial (RCT)?
What is a primary concern when appraising a randomized controlled trial (RCT)?
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Which research design is characterized by comparing two groups differing in the outcome of interest?
Which research design is characterized by comparing two groups differing in the outcome of interest?
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What is the placebo effect in experimental research?
What is the placebo effect in experimental research?
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Which factor is NOT typically measured by a journal's impact factor?
Which factor is NOT typically measured by a journal's impact factor?
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What is the purpose of blinding in a randomized controlled trial?
What is the purpose of blinding in a randomized controlled trial?
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What is a key component of a case-control study design?
What is a key component of a case-control study design?
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Study Notes
Research Midterm and Final Exam Semester 8
- Healthy work effect bias type: Confounding bias
- H-index: Measures both productivity and citation impact of publications, best for comparing scholars in the same field
- Secondary data: Existing data
- Study validity and reliability concerns: Questionnaire, sampling procedure, and interviewing process
- Open questions advantage: Respondents freely express themselves, potential for bias is higher.
- Confounder definition: A factor associated with the outcome and exposure, on the causal pathway between exposure and outcome.
- RCT phase for long-term drug effects: Phase 4
- Retrospective cohort study: Study starts when exposure and outcome already occurred, exposure necessarily precedes the outcome.
- SPSS: Statistical Package for the Social Sciences
- Meaning of "scientia": Knowledge
- Ethical guideline (not) in research: Telling participants they must continue until study completes.
- Research protocol timing section exlusions: Deadlines for submitting the final report
- Bias avoidance technique: Double-blind study
- Filling the blank(s): "testing--rejecting" (objectives)
- Risk factor and outcome relationship: Risk factor precedes results
- Founder of positivism: Auguste Comte
- Possible explanation (that may or may not be agreed): Hypothesis
- Case referent studies also known as: Case-control studies
- Quantitative Data: Numerical data
Additional Notes
- IRB: Institutional Review Board
- Cohort study advantages: Effective for studying rare exposures/diseases, relative risk can be directly calculated
- Drug efficacy study design: Randomized controlled trial (RCT)
- Researcher and staff undisclosed participant information: Anonymity
- Effect of a sugar pill on improvement: Placebo effect
- Informed consent elements: Description of procedures, experiment details, and study duration.
- RCT critical appraisal aspects: Benefit vs. harm, blinding, and randomization
- Journal impact factor measure: How frequently researchers cite papers from the journal; how many papers are published per year
- Secondary data least efficient use: Formulating hypotheses
- Organizational chart characteristic (no longer): Shows workload of each personnel
- Sampling types: Cluster, stratified, and systematic sampling are non-random. Random sampling is another type
- Fundamental research ability: Synthesize new ideas
Additional Notes (Continued)
- Research problem (heterogeneous population sampling): Stratified sampling
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts in research methods and statistics relevant to Semester 8. Topics include confounding bias, H-index, validity and reliability of studies, and various study designs. Test your knowledge on essential tools like SPSS and ethical guidelines in research.
