Research Methods: Information Revolution & Data Analytics
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of individuals who conduct research?

  • To prove existing theories.
  • To complicate decision-making.
  • To find answers. (correct)
  • To create more questions.

What does good decision-making rely on?

  • Avoiding predictions about outcomes.
  • Asking questions and conducting research. (correct)
  • Ignoring available information.
  • Relying solely on intuition.

What is described as a 'discerning pursuit of truth'?

  • Research (correct)
  • Opinion
  • Speculation
  • Estimation

Before going to the movies, what do prospective moviegoers typically determine first?

<p>What type of movie best fits their present desire. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might prospective theater patrons use to form a preliminary opinion of several movies?

<p>Previous knowledge of the actors and directors. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What sources might moviegoers use to gather information about a movie?

<p>Media sources, online reviews, previews, and input from personal acquaintances. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does the decision-making process move into another stage?

<p>If prospective theater patrons are reasonably confident about their conclusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Besides going to a theater to view a movie, what online alternative is mentioned?

<p>Netflix (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a form of reproduction mentioned in the copyright notice?

<p>Translation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should someone obtain to reprint part of the book?

<p>Permission in writing from the publishers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following ISBN formats is NOT listed?

<p>Audiobook (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which part of the book would you find information about presenting research findings?

<p>Part V: Communicating the Results (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first topic covered in Part II of the book?

<p>Defining the Research Problem and Reviewing the Literature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organization typesets the book?

<p>Apex CoVantage, LLC (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the publication year of the third edition?

<p>2016 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What part of the book includes chapters on sampling?

<p>Part III (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one example of an innovative workplace development that helps employees?

<p>Child-care support (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has dramatically increased research efficiency in the information age?

<p>Technological advances in computing and electronic storage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What device was used to feed data into a computer using punched cards?

<p>Card reader (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where can data that used to be stored on thousands of cards now be stored?

<p>Flash drives or in the cloud (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do researchers rely on to run advanced statistical programs quickly today?

<p>The computer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of electronic communication?

<p>E-mail (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does VoIP stand for?

<p>Voice over Internet Protocol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common result of a first-time mainframe computer program run?

<p>An error message (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary goal for Pfizer when extracting data from clinical trials?

<p>Maximizing the insights gained from the trials. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a way that Pfizer uses secondary data from clinical studies?

<p>To design new studies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of the shift to cloud-based warehouse architecture?

<p>Reduced cost of data storage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'off-the-shelf' data?

<p>Information readily available for purchase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of studies does secondary data support when a company seeks to get a license in another country?

<p>Bridging studies. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where can someone access census data?

<p>U.S. Census Bureau website (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During a drug's patent life, what type of studies might a company undertake, supported by secondary fata?

<p>Confirmatory studies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does pharmacovigilance focus on?

<p>Drug safety after it is on the market. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a Geographic Information System (GIS)?

<p>Creating interactive maps with location-based data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pharmacovigilance relies on what type of activity?

<p>Data mining. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to advocates, how can data mining improve drug safety?

<p>By analyzing effects on patient subpopulations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do GIS systems assist retailers?

<p>By choosing new locations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Data mining techniques can be used to examine multiple studies, especially for what kind of issue?

<p>Drug interaction issues. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way local retailers use customer zip code data?

<p>To map their effective trade area. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Besides retailers, who else uses GIS to make their work more efficient?

<p>Local businesses. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of GPS in business research, as described in the text?

<p>Enabling real-time tracking of movement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which industry commonly uses GPS to monitor the movement of their vehicles?

<p>Transportation and delivery companies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What benefit do customers receive from GPS devices in rental cars, according to the text?

<p>Electronic directions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of information can researchers obtain by having people wear pocket-sized GPS devices while shopping?

<p>Mall and store traffic patterns (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential use of the data collected from GPS tracking in retail locations?

<p>Determining how much rent a potential retail location could get (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do insurance companies use GPS technology for?

<p>To consider greater degrees of stratification in insurance policy pricing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does continuous online connection enable fleet managers to monitor?

<p>Driver behavior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What specific unsafe driving habit is mentioned as being monitored by fleet managers using GPS?

<p>Speeding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Business Research

Systematic and objective process of gathering, recording, and analyzing data for business decision-making.

Research Process

A structured sequence of steps undertaken to conduct research, from problem definition to reporting results.

Ethics in Research

Moral principles and guidelines that govern acceptable behavior in research practices.

Defining the Research Problem

The initial stage in research, involving identifying the issue and exploring existing knowledge.

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Secondary Data

Data that already exists and has been collected for other purposes.

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Research Design

Developing a theoretical framework and choosing an appropriate methodology for the study.

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Sampling Approaches

Techniques for selecting a subset of a population to represent the whole.

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Primary Data Collection

Methods used to directly gather new information for a specific research purpose.

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What is Research?

A systematic investigation to discover facts or test theories, aiding in informed decision-making.

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What is Business Research?

The systematic and objective process of gathering, recording, and analyzing data for aid in making business decisions.

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Good Decision Making

Asking relevant questions and conducting research that will result in accurately predicting an outcome of importance.

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Movie Selection Research

Determining what type of movie would best fit their present desire, forming a preliminary opinion of several movies based on previous knowledge of the actors and directors involved.

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Movie Research Information Sources

Media sources, online reviews, previews, and input from personal acquaintances.

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Essence of Research

Discerning pursuit of the truth—of knowing the facts.

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Goal of Researchers

The process of researchers looking for answers, by asking questions.

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Business Opportunity Assessment

Assessing business opportunities by fact-finding.

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Child-care support

Support provided to employees to assist with the care of their children, helping them balance work and family responsibilities.

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Information Revolution

The rapid advancement and widespread adoption of computer technology and digital communication tools.

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Card Reader

An obsolete data input device that used punched cards to feed data and programs into computers.

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Electronic Communication

Communication methods that use electronic means to transmit information. Examples include email, text messaging, video conferencing, VoIP, and social media platforms.

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Voice over IP (VoIP)

A technology that allows voice and multimedia communications over the Internet as opposed to traditional phone lines

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Increased Research Efficiency

Using computing and data storage technologies to make research faster and more effective.

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Cloud Storage

Storing vast amounts of data online, accessible from anywhere with an internet connection.

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Point-and-Click Data Analysis

Using computer programs where users can interact with visual elements to analyze data, rather than writing complex code.

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Cloud-Based Warehouse Architecture

Shifting data storage from company-owned systems to cloud-based architecture to reduce costs and increase retrieval speed.

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Off-the-Shelf Data

Readily available information compiled and sold by content-provision companies.

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Geographic Information System (GIS)

Software that creates interactive maps, integrating location-based data from multiple sources.

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Micromarketing

Using detailed local data to target specific customer groups.

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Trade Area Analysis

Mapping where current customers live to understand a business's reach.

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Delivery Route Optimization

Using data to find the best routes for delivering goods or services to customers.

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Census Data

Electronically cataloged population and housing information.

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GIS Application

Using software to create interactive maps that integrate and overlay location-based data from multiple sources, such as census data and satellite imagery.

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Exploratory Data Analysis

Analyzing clinical trial data to find patterns for future studies.

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Clinical Trial Design

Using existing clinical study data to inform the design of new trials.

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Supporting Bridging Studies

Using existing data to gain drug approval in a new country.

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Extension Studies

Gathering data to support further studies during a drug's patent life.

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Finer Segmentation

Finding correlated effects in specific populations using trial data.

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Pharmacovigilance

Monitoring drug safety after it is on the market.

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Data Mining for Drug Safety

Combining data from multiple sources to monitor drug safety.

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Genetic Impact Analysis

Examining studies for drug or safety issues in genetically defined groups.

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GPS (Global Positioning System)

Technology that uses satellites for real-time tracking and data collection.

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GPS in Transportation

Using GPS data to monitor and analyze vehicle movements for efficiency.

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GPS in Car Rentals

Offering electronic directions and tracking vehicle usage patterns.

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GPS in Retail Research

Analyzing movement patterns to determine optimal retail locations.

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Ethical Dimensions of GPS Tracking

Ethical concerns about tracking individuals without their full knowledge or consent.

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GPS for Driver Monitoring

Using GPS to monitor driving behavior, such as speeding or unauthorized stops.

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GPS in Insurance Pricing

Using GPS data to assess risk and adjust insurance premiums.

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Real-Time GPS Tracking

Combining GPS with telecommunications for continuous real-time tracking of vehicles and individuals.

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Study Notes

  • Research involves a careful search for truth and facts to inform decision-making.
  • It helps in evaluating options and predicting outcomes.

The Information Revolution

  • Technological advancements in computing and electronic storage have greatly enhanced research efficiency.
  • Cloud-based warehouse architecture reduces data storage costs and accelerates data retrieval.
  • Off-the-shelf data is readily available information sold by content-provision companies.
  • Geographic information systems (GIS) are software applications for creating interactive maps that integrate location-based data.
  • GIS aids retailers in location selection and helps businesses design micromarketing strategies.
  • Local retailers may conduct in-store surveys of customer zip codes to map their trade area.
  • GIS data helps businesses select efficient delivery routes.

Data Analytics in Clinical Research

  • Data analytics techniques are being applied to clinical research trial data.
  • Pfizer uses secondary data from clinical studies to design new studies, support bridging studies, undertake confirmatory and extension studies, and perform finer segmentation.
  • Pharmacovigilance involves data mining large volumes of interconnected data to investigate drug safety post-market.
  • Data mining can examine multiple studies for drug interaction or safety issues.

Satellite Technology

  • GPS enables real-time tracking of movement.
  • Transportation companies use GPS to monitor truck movements and improve delivery efficiency.
  • Car rental companies use GPS for electronic directions and to understand customer usage patterns.
  • GPS tracks shopping patterns in malls and stores, aiding in determining retail location rent.

Ethical Considerations of GPS

  • GPS enables companies to track individuals and vehicles in real-time, raising ethical questions.
  • Mobile phone systems have facilitated the development of GPS-enabled tracking products.
  • Fleet managers monitor driver behavior, such as speeding, using GPS technology.
  • Insurance companies use GPS data for stratified insurance policy pricing.

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Description

Explore research methods, the information revolution, and data analytics in clinical research. Understand technological advancements, GIS, and data applications.

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