Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best exemplifies a 'social fact' as defined by Emile Durkheim?
Which of the following best exemplifies a 'social fact' as defined by Emile Durkheim?
In the context of cultural norms, which of the following would be considered a 'taboo'?
In the context of cultural norms, which of the following would be considered a 'taboo'?
Which psychological perspective emphasizes the importance of unconscious drives and desires shaping human behaviour?
Which psychological perspective emphasizes the importance of unconscious drives and desires shaping human behaviour?
A study analyzing the correlation between ice cream sales and crime rates would most likely be considered which type of research?
A study analyzing the correlation between ice cream sales and crime rates would most likely be considered which type of research?
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Which concept from Merton's strain theory best describes an individual who rejects both societal goals and the legitimate means to achieve them, and instead creates a new social order?
Which concept from Merton's strain theory best describes an individual who rejects both societal goals and the legitimate means to achieve them, and instead creates a new social order?
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Which of the following best describes a society with a closed stratification system?
Which of the following best describes a society with a closed stratification system?
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According to conflict theory, social change is primarily driven by:
According to conflict theory, social change is primarily driven by:
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A society that traces descent through the female line is considered:
A society that traces descent through the female line is considered:
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The concept of 'cultural hegemony' in the context of social inequality refers to:
The concept of 'cultural hegemony' in the context of social inequality refers to:
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What is the primary difference between somatic and germline editing using CRISPR technology?
What is the primary difference between somatic and germline editing using CRISPR technology?
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Which theory suggests that societal inequalities emerge from differential access to resources and status?
Which theory suggests that societal inequalities emerge from differential access to resources and status?
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Which of the following is the best example of 'status inconsistency'?
Which of the following is the best example of 'status inconsistency'?
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According to the stages of social movements, what would be most expected after the coalescence stage?
According to the stages of social movements, what would be most expected after the coalescence stage?
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Study Notes
Research Methods
- Experimentation, case studies, surveys, interviews, correlational studies, and participant observation are research methods.
- The scientific method is a process for conducting research.
- Qualitative and quantitative research are different approaches.
- Ethical considerations, such as informed consent and risk-benefit rules, are crucial.
Introduction to Sociology
- Emile Durkheim is the founder of sociology.
- Key theoretical perspectives are functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism.
- Realistic conflict theory, like the Robbers Cave experiment, is an example.
Introduction to Psychology
- Key schools of thought include psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive, and humanistic approaches.
- Psychoanalysis, focusing on the ID, ego, and superego, is a key psychodynamic perspective.
- Behavioral psychology, emphasizing observable behaviors, is also significant.
- Cognitive psychology studies mental processes.
- Developed by figures such as Sigmund Freud, B.F Skinner, John Watson and Karen Horney among others.
Introduction to Anthropology
- Ethnography is a research method.
- Participant observation, practiced by figures like Margaret Mead and Derek Freeman, is a crucial anthropological tool.
- Linguistic anthropology combines history and social interaction.
- Cultural norms, like folkways, mores, taboos, and laws, are critical to understanding cultures.
- Functionalism and cultural materialism are theoretical perspectives that analyze societies' infrastructure, structures and superstructure.
Explanations of Social Change
- Anthropological, psychological, and sociological approaches are used to explain social change.
- Anthropological perspectives involve invention, discovery, diffusion, and globalization.
- Psychological perspectives emphasize cognitive dissonance.
- Conflict theory and functionalist approaches often differ in their interpretations of social change.
Technological Development & Social Change
- CRISPR technology and designer DNA are discussed.
- Somatic and germline editing are considered.
- Therapy versus enhancement in technology are explored.
Deviance
- Sanctions, both formal and informal, are analyzed.
- Biological, psychological, and sociological explanations of deviance are discussed.
- Different types of deviance are categorized.
- Theories like Durkheim's and Merton's strain theory are examined.
Social Movements
- New religious movements are analyzed in terms of social movements.
- Theoretical perspectives (functionalism, conflict, symbolic interactionism) are applied to understanding social movements.
- Different types of social movements are identified (reformative, redemptive, transformative, etc.).
- Theories like relative deprivation theory and mass society theory, and how they relate to social movements.
Changes in Land-Use & Technology
- Agricultural revolution impacts and contributions are assessed.
- Domestication of plants and animals are examined as societal drivers.
- Positive and negative impacts of this change on society.
Life Expectancy
- Trends and theories surrounding life expectancy are explored.
- The current trends in lifespan and the relevant social theories behind them.
Social Stratification
- Principles of social stratification and examples like the Indian caste system and apartheid are analyzed.
- Concepts of open and closed stratification systems are explained.
- Davis-Moore theory, interactionist perspective, the concept of cultural capital are explored.
- How social inequality such as poverty and the Gini coefficient are measured.
- How historical and cultural perspectives influence social stratification.
Prejudice and Discrimination
- Overt, systemic, and interpersonal discrimination are discussed.
- Theories of prejudice (learned theory, ignorance theory, frustration-aggression) are outlined.
- Ingroups, outgroups, and landmark case studies like Jane Elliot.
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Description
This quiz covers essential research methods used in sociology and psychology, including experimentation, surveys, and case studies. It also explores key theoretical perspectives in sociology, such as functionalism and conflict theory, alongside psychological approaches like behaviorism and cognitive psychology. Test your understanding of these fundamental concepts and methodologies.
