Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which observation method is best suited for collecting quantitative data?
Which observation method is best suited for collecting quantitative data?
- Sketching/Field notes
- Interview
- Mapping
- Questionnaire survey (correct)
Mapping is a time-consuming observation method.
Mapping is a time-consuming observation method.
True (A)
What is the main disadvantage of subjective sampling methods?
What is the main disadvantage of subjective sampling methods?
They increase the chance of sampling bias.
A well-designed ________ can provide representative data for a population.
A well-designed ________ can provide representative data for a population.
Match each observation method with its primary advantage:
Match each observation method with its primary advantage:
What is a primary advantage of using probabilistic sampling methods?
What is a primary advantage of using probabilistic sampling methods?
Stratified sampling involves randomly choosing samples from sub-groups of a population.
Stratified sampling involves randomly choosing samples from sub-groups of a population.
What is the aim of the study mentioned in the content?
What is the aim of the study mentioned in the content?
Systematic sampling involves selecting sample units at regular _____ .
Systematic sampling involves selecting sample units at regular _____ .
Match the sampling method with its description:
Match the sampling method with its description:
One of the disadvantages of systematic sampling is that it can lead to errors with ordered data.
One of the disadvantages of systematic sampling is that it can lead to errors with ordered data.
What are the first two steps in the procedure for systematic sampling?
What are the first two steps in the procedure for systematic sampling?
A disadvantage of probabilistic sampling methods is that it may not cover all _____ of the population.
A disadvantage of probabilistic sampling methods is that it may not cover all _____ of the population.
What is a primary advantage of counting in terms of time?
What is a primary advantage of counting in terms of time?
Both counting and observation methods can be complex and difficult.
Both counting and observation methods can be complex and difficult.
What characterizes subjective sampling methods?
What characterizes subjective sampling methods?
The ease of _____ is often categorized as easy or simple.
The ease of _____ is often categorized as easy or simple.
Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of counting?
Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of counting?
Match the following aspects of observation with their definitions:
Match the following aspects of observation with their definitions:
_____ coverage methods minimize sampling bias.
_____ coverage methods minimize sampling bias.
Insufficient coverage in counting can lead to biased results.
Insufficient coverage in counting can lead to biased results.
What is a common advantage of conducting interviews?
What is a common advantage of conducting interviews?
Secondary data cannot be considered objective or fair.
Secondary data cannot be considered objective or fair.
List two methods used to collect primary data.
List two methods used to collect primary data.
Interviews can fail to represent the population due to __________ sampling bias.
Interviews can fail to represent the population due to __________ sampling bias.
Match the following types of data collection with their descriptions:
Match the following types of data collection with their descriptions:
Which of the following is considered a disadvantage of interviews?
Which of the following is considered a disadvantage of interviews?
Primary data is always the most reliable form of data.
Primary data is always the most reliable form of data.
Name a type of secondary data that can be used for research.
Name a type of secondary data that can be used for research.
Which of the following is a suggested improvement for qualitative data collection?
Which of the following is a suggested improvement for qualitative data collection?
Using a questionnaire survey is the best method to achieve in-depth data collection.
Using a questionnaire survey is the best method to achieve in-depth data collection.
What should be used alongside quantitative data to enhance data collection validity?
What should be used alongside quantitative data to enhance data collection validity?
To improve existing data collection methods, researchers can choose another data collection method, use an additional data collection method to aid the existing one, or ________ the existing data collection method.
To improve existing data collection methods, researchers can choose another data collection method, use an additional data collection method to aid the existing one, or ________ the existing data collection method.
Match the following data collection methods with their descriptions:
Match the following data collection methods with their descriptions:
What is a disadvantage of qualitative data collection?
What is a disadvantage of qualitative data collection?
Using secondary data can aid in enhancing the validity of primary data.
Using secondary data can aid in enhancing the validity of primary data.
What method can help reach consensus among students when there is disagreement?
What method can help reach consensus among students when there is disagreement?
Which observation method is often used for qualitative data collection?
Which observation method is often used for qualitative data collection?
Quantitative data can be effectively collected using unstructured interviews.
Quantitative data can be effectively collected using unstructured interviews.
What is a primary characteristic of mapping observation methods?
What is a primary characteristic of mapping observation methods?
A well-structured ________ provides quantitative data that is statistically valid.
A well-structured ________ provides quantitative data that is statistically valid.
Match each observation method with its primary characteristic:
Match each observation method with its primary characteristic:
What is a key disadvantage of many subjective sampling methods?
What is a key disadvantage of many subjective sampling methods?
Mapping is an efficient observation method that can be completed quickly.
Mapping is an efficient observation method that can be completed quickly.
Name one advantage of using surveys as an observation method.
Name one advantage of using surveys as an observation method.
Field observations are particularly useful for studying ________ phenomena.
Field observations are particularly useful for studying ________ phenomena.
Which method is most beneficial for gathering detailed qualitative insights?
Which method is most beneficial for gathering detailed qualitative insights?
Flashcards
Measurement
Measurement
A method for collecting data that focuses on measuring observable characteristics of a subject or environment.
Observation
Observation
A method for collecting data that involves observing and recording behaviors, events, or interactions in a natural setting.
Questionnaire Survey
Questionnaire Survey
A method for collecting data that involves asking a set of standardized questions to a sample of individuals.
Interview
Interview
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Assessment Form/Scoring
Assessment Form/Scoring
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Simple random sampling
Simple random sampling
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Systematic sampling
Systematic sampling
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Stratified Sampling
Stratified Sampling
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Cluster sampling
Cluster sampling
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Convenience sampling
Convenience sampling
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Snowball sampling
Snowball sampling
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Typical Case sampling
Typical Case sampling
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Extreme or Deviant Case sampling
Extreme or Deviant Case sampling
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Primary data
Primary data
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Secondary data
Secondary data
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Counting
Counting
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Sketching/field notes
Sketching/field notes
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Mapping
Mapping
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Counting: Time
Counting: Time
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Counting: Cost
Counting: Cost
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Counting: Ease
Counting: Ease
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Counting: Representative
Counting: Representative
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Counting: Bias
Counting: Bias
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Counting: Coverage
Counting: Coverage
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Observation: Time
Observation: Time
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Observation: Cost
Observation: Cost
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Observation: Ease
Observation: Ease
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Observation: Representative
Observation: Representative
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Observation: Coverage
Observation: Coverage
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Choosing another data collection method
Choosing another data collection method
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Using an additional data collection method
Using an additional data collection method
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Improving the existing data collection method
Improving the existing data collection method
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Qualitative Data
Qualitative Data
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Quantitative Data
Quantitative Data
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Validity of Research
Validity of Research
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Study Notes
2025 DSE Geography Fieldwork-Based Questions (FBQs)
- Topics include Changing Industrial Location, Disappearing Green Canopy, and Climatic Change.
- The fieldwork process has four key stages: planning and preparation, data collection, data processing and presentation, and conclusion.
Step 1: Planning and Preparation
- Factors to consider for trip planning include season, day, time, weather, accessibility, and safety.
- Necessary data: relevant previous fieldwork data, potential high risks, advantages/ disadvantages of the chosen seasons/ dates/ times.
Step 2: Data Collection
- Key elements of data collection include six probabilistic and eight non-probabilistic sampling methods.
- Examples of sampling methods (probabilistic): random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified sampling.
- Examples of sampling methods (non-probabilistic): convenience sampling, quota sampling, purposive sampling.
- Use of primary data (data collected directly by the students during fieldwork) and secondary data (data collected from other sources).
Step 3: Data Processing and Presentation
- Data Processing: Categorization, combination, counting, calculation, GIS
- Data Presentation: 7 graph types (line graph, bar graph,, histogram, pie graph, triangular graph, scattergram, radar chart), correlation, types of thematic maps.
Step 4: Conclusion
- Summarize findings from data processing and interpretation.
- Draw conclusions based on the analysis.
- Extreme values should be checked and/or corrected as they can influence results and conclusions.
Additional Details
- Fieldwork topics often involve investigating the relationship between two variables (e.g., light intensity and undergrowth coverage, river discharge and course).
- Correct methodology: Using correct sampling techniques and data collection methods to ensure the validity and reliability of results.
- Practical considerations: Fieldwork schedules and locations should be appropriately selected and factors like time, weather conditions, human interference, and the reliability of instruments should be taken into consideration to ensure the data is reliable and valid.
- Data interpretation: Conclusions should be evidence-based and supported by data and graphs.
Geographical Investigations
- Geographical investigations often focus on specific locations (e.g., a section of a river).
- Students must justify the site selection for a chosen area, including its appropriateness for a geographical investigation.
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Description
This quiz covers various observation methods and sampling techniques used in research. Test your knowledge on quantitative data collection, advantages and disadvantages of different sampling methods, and the procedures involved. Perfect for students studying research methodology or statistics.
