Research Methods in Psychology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is internal validity?

  • The presence of significant correlation between variables
  • The ability to generalize findings to the real world
  • The consistency of a measure across various trials
  • The extent to which a study accurately establishes a cause-and-effect relationship (correct)
  • Which of the following describes external validity?

  • The level of control over confounding variables in a study
  • The establishment of cause-and-effect relationships
  • The relationship between two measured variables
  • The degree to which results can be generalized beyond the study's context (correct)
  • Define positive correlation.

    A positive correlation indicates that as one variable increases, the other variable also increases.

    What is a dependent variable?

    <p>The dependent variable is the outcome that is measured in an experiment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are confounding variables?

    <p>Confounding variables are extraneous factors that can affect the results of an experiment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a ______ design, the same subjects are exposed to all experimental conditions.

    <p>within subject</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a ______ design, different subjects are assigned to different conditions.

    <p>between subject</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Validity Types

    • Instruct Validity: Refers to the degree to which the instructions provided to participants align with the intended research study and accurately inform them about their tasks.
    • Internal Validity: Measures whether the effects observed in a study can be attributed to the independent variable rather than other factors. High internal validity minimizes confounding variables.
    • External Validity: Reflects the extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to other contexts, populations, and settings beyond the study itself.

    Correlation Types

    • Positive Correlation: Indicates a relationship where an increase in one variable results in an increase in another. For example, studying more hours typically leads to higher test scores.
    • Negative Correlation: Signifies an inverse relationship, where an increase in one variable results in a decrease in another. For example, increased screen time may correlate with lower academic performance.

    Variables in Research

    • Independent Variables: The variables that researchers manipulate to observe their effect on the dependent variable. They are controlled to test their impact.
    • Dependent Variables: The outcome variables that are measured in response to the independent variable. They depend on the manipulation of the independent variable.
    • Confounding Variables: Extraneous variables that can influence the relationship between independent and dependent variables, potentially skewing results if not controlled.

    Research Designs

    • Within-Subject Design: A research method where the same participants are exposed to all levels of the independent variable. This design helps control for individual differences but may introduce carryover effects.
    • Between-Subject Design: Involves different participants experiencing each level of the independent variable separately, reducing carryover effects but potentially introducing variability due to individual differences.

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    Description

    Test your understanding of key concepts in research methods such as validity, correlation, and variable types. This quiz covers internal and external validity, independent and dependent variables, and the differences between within-subject and between-subject designs. Perfect for psychology students looking to reinforce their knowledge!

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