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In a study focused on examining the effects of a new medication for managing chronic pain in adults, why would researchers use an accessible population instead of a target population?
In a study focused on examining the effects of a new medication for managing chronic pain in adults, why would researchers use an accessible population instead of a target population?
What is the primary distinction between a target population and an accessible population in research?
What is the primary distinction between a target population and an accessible population in research?
Consider a research project examining the effectiveness of a new educational program for managing diabetes in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Which of the following would be an example of an element in this study?
Consider a research project examining the effectiveness of a new educational program for managing diabetes in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Which of the following would be an example of an element in this study?
Why is it important to identify the target population before selecting a sample for a research study?
Why is it important to identify the target population before selecting a sample for a research study?
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In a research study examining the effectiveness of a new exercise program for older adults with osteoarthritis, what would be considered an accessible population?
In a research study examining the effectiveness of a new exercise program for older adults with osteoarthritis, what would be considered an accessible population?
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A researcher is conducting a study on the impact of a new stress-reduction technique for nurses working in intensive care units. What would be the most appropriate approach to selecting a sample for this study?
A researcher is conducting a study on the impact of a new stress-reduction technique for nurses working in intensive care units. What would be the most appropriate approach to selecting a sample for this study?
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What sampling technique is being used when a researcher first randomly selects a sample of level 300 female nursing students, and then randomly selects a sample of level 300 male nursing students?
What sampling technique is being used when a researcher first randomly selects a sample of level 300 female nursing students, and then randomly selects a sample of level 300 male nursing students?
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Which of the following sampling techniques is NOT a non-probability sampling technique?
Which of the following sampling techniques is NOT a non-probability sampling technique?
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What is the most common reason researchers choose to study an accessible population instead of the entire target population?
What is the most common reason researchers choose to study an accessible population instead of the entire target population?
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A nurse researcher wants to study the effectiveness of a new patient education program for managing chronic pain in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis. What would be the most appropriate accessible population for this study?
A nurse researcher wants to study the effectiveness of a new patient education program for managing chronic pain in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis. What would be the most appropriate accessible population for this study?
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How does quota sampling differ from stratified random sampling?
How does quota sampling differ from stratified random sampling?
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In a study examining the effectiveness of a new educational program for managing diabetes in adults with type 2 diabetes, which of the following elements would be considered participants?
In a study examining the effectiveness of a new educational program for managing diabetes in adults with type 2 diabetes, which of the following elements would be considered participants?
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Which of the following scenarios best describes the use of multistage sampling?
Which of the following scenarios best describes the use of multistage sampling?
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What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes purposive sampling from other sampling techniques?
What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes purposive sampling from other sampling techniques?
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What is the primary purpose of using sampling in research?
What is the primary purpose of using sampling in research?
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In the context of sampling, what does 'sampling frame' refer to?
In the context of sampling, what does 'sampling frame' refer to?
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Which of the following examples BEST exemplifies a non-probability sampling technique?
Which of the following examples BEST exemplifies a non-probability sampling technique?
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What is the MAIN difference between probability and non-probability sampling techniques?
What is the MAIN difference between probability and non-probability sampling techniques?
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What is the advantage of using probability sampling in research?
What is the advantage of using probability sampling in research?
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Which of the following is NOT a stage involved in selecting a sample for research?
Which of the following is NOT a stage involved in selecting a sample for research?
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What is the purpose of defining the target population in the sampling process?
What is the purpose of defining the target population in the sampling process?
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Why is it crucial to have a well-defined plan for sampling in research?
Why is it crucial to have a well-defined plan for sampling in research?
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Which of these is NOT an example of a probability sampling technique?
Which of these is NOT an example of a probability sampling technique?
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What is the primary difference between simple random sampling (SRS) and systematic sampling?
What is the primary difference between simple random sampling (SRS) and systematic sampling?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of simple random sampling?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of simple random sampling?
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What is the primary purpose of stratified random sampling?
What is the primary purpose of stratified random sampling?
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In systematic sampling, what is the significance of randomly selecting the starting point?
In systematic sampling, what is the significance of randomly selecting the starting point?
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Which of the following best describes a key difference between non-probability sampling and probability sampling?
Which of the following best describes a key difference between non-probability sampling and probability sampling?
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When would non-probability sampling be a suitable choice?
When would non-probability sampling be a suitable choice?
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What is a potential limitation of systematic sampling?
What is a potential limitation of systematic sampling?
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In which sampling method is the population divided into subgroups based on shared characteristics?
In which sampling method is the population divided into subgroups based on shared characteristics?
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What distinguishes cluster sampling from other probability sampling methods?
What distinguishes cluster sampling from other probability sampling methods?
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Why is it crucial to select a starting point randomly in systematic sampling?
Why is it crucial to select a starting point randomly in systematic sampling?
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Which sampling method is often used in multistage sampling?
Which sampling method is often used in multistage sampling?
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Which of the following is NOT an example of a population in research?
Which of the following is NOT an example of a population in research?
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How does the concept of a target population differ from a general population?
How does the concept of a target population differ from a general population?
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Which of the following statements about the concept of a 'population' in research is TRUE?
Which of the following statements about the concept of a 'population' in research is TRUE?
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Consider a study on the effectiveness of a new medication for patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Which of the following would be considered the target population in this study?
Consider a study on the effectiveness of a new medication for patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Which of the following would be considered the target population in this study?
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Why is it important to define the target population clearly in research?
Why is it important to define the target population clearly in research?
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What is the primary reason for studying a sample rather than the entire population in research?
What is the primary reason for studying a sample rather than the entire population in research?
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What is the relationship between the target population and the sample selected for research?
What is the relationship between the target population and the sample selected for research?
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Flashcards
Population
Population
A particular group of individuals or elements to be studied in research.
Target Population
Target Population
The total group of individuals from which a sample might be drawn for a study.
Sample
Sample
A subset of individuals selected from a population for a study.
Sampling Techniques
Sampling Techniques
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Qualitative Research
Qualitative Research
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Quantitative Research
Quantitative Research
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Feasibility in Research
Feasibility in Research
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Accessible Population
Accessible Population
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Elements of a Population
Elements of a Population
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Sampling Method
Sampling Method
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Simple Random Sampling
Simple Random Sampling
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Participants
Participants
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Inclusion Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
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Exclusion Criteria
Exclusion Criteria
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Cluster Sampling
Cluster Sampling
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Multistage Sampling
Multistage Sampling
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Non-Probability Sampling
Non-Probability Sampling
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Purposive Sampling
Purposive Sampling
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Quota Sampling
Quota Sampling
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Probability sampling
Probability sampling
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Systematic sampling
Systematic sampling
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Stratified random sampling
Stratified random sampling
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Sampling frame
Sampling frame
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Random starting point
Random starting point
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Strata in stratified sampling
Strata in stratified sampling
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Purpose of Sampling
Purpose of Sampling
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Sample Size
Sample Size
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Fieldwork
Fieldwork
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Sampling Method Selection
Sampling Method Selection
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Study Notes
Nursing Research: Population and Sampling
- Examining populations and samples is crucial for conducting research to ensure feasibility and accurate results.
- This session covers population, sample, and sampling techniques for qualitative and quantitative methods.
Session Objectives
- Differentiate between population and sample.
- Describe various sampling techniques.
Session Outline
- Population
- Sample
- Sampling Techniques
Reading List
- Grove, S. K., Burns, N., & Gray, J. R. (2014). Understanding nursing research: Building an evidence-based practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. (Chapter 9)
Topic One: Population Definition and Characteristics
- A population is a specific group of individuals or elements to be studied (e.g., patients with heart failure).
- Population refers to the larger group from which study participants are selected.
- The outer ring in a diagram represents the population.
- A population is a complete set of people with specific characteristics needed for the study.
- 'Target population' is the entire group from which a sample could be drawn.
- Accessible population is the part of target population that is available to researchers.
Defining Population, Sample, and Elements
- Population: The entire group of individuals with specified characteristics.
- Target Population: The complete group the researcher hopes to study.
- Accessible Population: The portion of the target population which research participants can be drawn from.
- Sample: A selection of individuals from the accessible population.
- Element: Individual participants, subjects, objects, or events in a study.
Types of Populations
- Target population: the entire set of individuals or elements that meet the criteria of the study.
- Accessible population: the portion of the target population to which a researcher has reasonable access.
- Example: Determine which of these would be target or accessible populations:
- Adult males, 18 years or older, diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, and hospitalized with a lower extremity infection.
- Individuals within a state, city, hospital, or nursing units, eg patients with diabetes in an acute care hospital in Ho
Topic Two: Definition of Sample
- A sample is a selection from the population.
- Sample decisions involve, who/what should be studied.
- Samples must have a well-defined plan.
- Sample size is the total number of participants or cases in a study.
Sampling Purpose
- The aim when selecting a sample is to choose individuals who can represent the larger group from which they are drawn.
- The goal is to collect data about the population to make generalizable conclusions.
Stages in Sample Selection
- Define the target population
- Select a sampling frame
- Determine if a probability or non-probability method will be chosen.
- Plan the procedure for selecting sampling units.
- Determine the sample size
- Select the actual sampling units
- Conduct fieldwork
Topic Three: Sampling Techniques
- Probability Sampling: Each participant has an equal chance of selection (e.g., simple random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified random sampling, cluster sampling, multistage sampling).
- Non-Probability Sampling: Participants are not randomly selected (e.g., purposive sampling, quota sampling, dimensional sampling, convenience sampling, snowball sampling).
Probability Sampling Techniques
- Simple random sampling: Each participant is randomly selected.
- Systematic sampling: A starting point is randomly selected, and then every nth participant is selected.
- Stratified random sampling: The population is divided into groups (strata) and random samples are selected from each strata.
- Cluster sampling: The population is divided into clusters, and some clusters are randomly selected.
- Multistage sampling: A combination of sampling methods.
Non-Probability Sampling Techniques
- Purposive sampling: Participants are chosen based on specific characteristics relevant to the study.
- Quota sampling: A predetermined number of participants from certain categories is selected.
- Dimensional sampling: An extension of quota sampling, allowing for representation of multiple important characteristics.
- Convenience sampling: Participants are selected based on ease of access.
- Snowball sampling: Participants recruit other participants.
Sampling in Qualitative Research
- Purposeful/Purposive sampling: Participants are chosen due to specific characteristics or knowledge.
- Network sampling: Existing participants identify more individuals to participate in research.
- Theoretical sampling: Participants are selected to develop theories in grounded theory research.
Sample Size Calculation
- Quantitative studies: Formulas (e.g., Yamane Formula, Cochran Formula) are used to generate sample size.
- The size of a sample, for quantitative studies, should be large enough to identify relationships among variables or differences between groups.
- Qualitative studies: Sample size is determined by data saturation—when no new information is obtained from additional participants.
Summary
- The session discussed research populations, characteristics, and sampling techniques for qualitative and quantitative studies.
- The next session explores data-collection methods.
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Description
This quiz explores key concepts in research methodology, focusing on populations, sampling techniques, and the importance of defining target populations in health-related studies. Test your knowledge on effective strategies for conducting research in medical and educational contexts.