Research Methods Definitions

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What is one common misconception about costs and benefits in public health?

Benefits are more tangible than costs.

Costs are usually long-term while benefits are short-term.

Those who benefit are the ones who must pay.

Costs are easier to calculate than benefits. (correct)

Which branch of government is responsible for carrying out public health laws in the United States?

Executive (correct)

Legislative

Judicial

Administrative

What is the primary objective of investigating a disease outbreak in public health?

To promote vaccination as the only method of disease control.

To eliminate all sources of infection.

To conduct field investigations for legal purposes.

To identify unreported cases to control disease spread. (correct)

Which risk perception is more likely acceptable to individuals according to public health studies?

Familiar risks over unfamiliar risks. Signup and view all the answers

What is selection bias in public health research?

Bias resulting from systematic differences between study participants and non-participants. Signup and view all the answers

In public health decision-making, what process involves comparing sacrifices and gains of a specific action?

Cost-benefit analysis Signup and view all the answers

What type of study involves comparing a group of individuals with a disease to individuals without the disease?

Case-control study Signup and view all the answers

Which experimental design helps to rule out the placebo effect as an explanation for differences in outcomes?

Placebo-controlled study Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an experiment where neither the participant nor the researcher knows who has received the treatment or the placebo?

Double-blind study Signup and view all the answers

Which type of study counts the number of people with a disease and relates it to the population at risk?

Prevalence study Signup and view all the answers

In which type of study are participants not given the intervention being tested, and instead are given a placebo?

Cohort study Signup and view all the answers

What is used as an explanation for observed differences in outcomes between the control group and the intervention group?

Placebo effect Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of conducting randomized controlled trials on new drugs?

To ensure harmful side effects are known before drug approval Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of registering all clinical trials in advance in a public database?

To promote transparency and accountability in research Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the practice of testing every newborn for certain harmful disorders that may not be apparent at birth?

Newborn screening Signup and view all the answers

Why do drug companies need to conduct randomized controlled trials specifically on new drugs?

To identify potential harmful side effects Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of measuring the frequency of health outcomes?

To understand the occurrence of different health issues Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to metabolic disorders that interfere with the body's use of nutrients at birth?

Inborn errors of metabolism Signup and view all the answers

Research Methods Definitions

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