Research Methods and Approaches
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Questions and Answers

What information does research give us?

  • Habits
  • Medical Information
  • Thoughts and opinions
  • All of the above (correct)

    • What do we do with research?

  • Use research to affect change
  • Use research to inform about social action
  • Use research to potentially improve social conditions
  • All of the above (correct)

    • Which of the following is the most commonly used research instrument in quantitative research?

  • Interviews
  • Focus Groups
  • Questionnaires (correct)
  • Surveys

    • What is the process of gathering and measuring information on variables of interest called?

    <p>Data Collection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Controversial topics depend greatly on the writer's opinion, which may tend to be biased or prejudicial.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of Quantitative research?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    One of the strengths of a quantitative research is applying well-established standards which means the research can be replicated, analyzed, and compared with similar studies.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of research that is being described as the collection of research designs that use manipulation and controlled testing to understand causal processes?

    <p>Experimental Research (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of research designed to depict participants in an accurate way?

    <p>Descriptive Research (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A class might be arbitrarily divided by alphabetical selection or by seating arrangement. The division is often convenient and, especially in an educational situation, causes as little disruption as possible. The situation given is an example of what kind of Quantitative Research: Quasi-Experimental Research.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are the purposes of a literature review in research?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Plagiarism is a research misconduct act and against the Intellectual Property Rights Law.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are examples of Quantitative Research?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of descriptive research?

    <p>To provide detailed and accurate descriptions of phenomena (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the guidelines in writing a conceptual framework?

    <p>Choose a topic, do a literature review, isolate the important variables, and formulate a central research question (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the steps included in inquiry-based learning?

    <p>Formulate a central research question, develop a plan of research, based on critical questioning and the attempt to anticipate findings, and bring research findings to bear on the central question (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Immersion

    Adapting the culture within society during research.

    Research Information

    Data on habits, medical insights, thoughts, and opinions obtained from studies.

    Change via Research

    Using research findings to support making changes.

    Research Definition

    A systematic process for solving problems or answering inquiries.

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    Inquiry-Based Learning

    Formulating appropriate questions as the first step in research.

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    Weaknesses of Quantitative Research

    Challenges like cost, difficulty, and time involvement in quantitative studies.

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    Correlational Study

    A study determining the relationship between two variables.

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    Case Study

    An in-depth examination of an individual or group.

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    Questionnaire

    A common tool for data collection in quantitative research.

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    Plagiarism

    Research misconduct that violates Intellectual Property Rights.

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    Conceptual Framework

    The blueprint for conducting quantitative research.

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    Key Terms Definition

    Clarifies the aim and approach of the study.

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    Independent Variables

    Also known as control, covariate, or predictor variables.

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    Dependent Variables

    Known as explained, predictant, or regressand variables.

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    Quantitative Research Statements

    Utilizes scientific methods for measurement and testing hypotheses.

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    Research Instruments

    Tools for gathering numerical data such as interviews, questionnaires, and surveys.

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    General Purpose Statement

    A brief statement outlining the study's main aim.

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    Subject Matter

    The specific topics being studied in research.

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    Locale of Study

    The location where data is gathered or belongs.

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    Coherence in Manuscripts

    The logical flow and unity of a written research document.

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    Central Research Question

    The main question that drives inquiry-based learning.

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    Using Findings

    Applying research results to address the central question.

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    Surveys

    A method used for collecting quantitative data through responses.

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    Hypothesis

    A proposed explanation intended for testing through research.

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    Study Notes

    Research Methods

    • Research is defined as asking questions, finding answers, gathering information, and examining habits, medical information, and opinions.
    • Research aims to understand societies, social processes, and social actions, and to create theories to improve social conditions.
    • Research uses a systematic process to solve problems or find answers to inquiries.
    • Investigations involve a systematic examination of facts related to a matter.
    • Inquiry is the process of solving a problem through research and probing.
    • Quasi-experimental research involves selecting groups for testing, without random pre-selection.
    • Variables, validity, reliability, and measurement are key concepts in research.
    • Research topics can be controversial based on personal opinions.

    Research Approaches

    • Quantitative Research:
      • Data is typically gathered using structured instruments.
      • Data is often replicable and comparable to other studies.
    • Qualitative Research:
      • Immersion allows researchers to adapt to the culture within a society.

    Research Designs

    • Correlational Studies: Determine if two variables are correlated.
    • Observational Studies: Observe and record participants to describe participants in a research project.
    • Case Studies: In-depth study of an individual or group. Includes analyzing variables.
    • Quasi-Experimental Studies: Select groups for testing, instead of using random pre-selection.
    • Experimental Research: Manipulation and controlled testing to understand causal processes.
    • Descriptive Research: Depicts participants in an accurate way.

    Research Components

    • Background of Research: Provides an overview of the study and explains the research purpose.
    • Scope and Delimitation: Sets boundaries and parameters for the research.
    • Review of Related Literature: A collection of pertinent readings, to support and explain research.
    • Data Collection Procedures: The means or processes of gathering and measuring information about variables.
    • Conceptual Framework: Blueprint or recipe for quantitative research.
    • Variables: Fundamental concepts of research. Includes independent (predictor), dependent (explained), control, and confounding.
    • Conceptual Framework: The recipe or blueprint in conducting quantitative research. It includes definitions of key terms to ensure clarity.

    Research Issues

    • Bias: Personal bias can be avoided by maintaining a distance from participants and using accepted computational techniques.
    • Limitations of Quantitative Research: Methods may only produce proven or unproven results, with limited room for uncertainty. Quantitative research can be costly, complex, and time-consuming.
    • Confounding Variables: Factors that exist but aren't directly observable, influencing the dependent variable.
    • Structural Bias/False Representation: Research questions created by researchers may reflect their viewpoint instead of participants'.

    Key Research Concepts

    • Hypothesis: Testable statement presented for research.
    • Literature Review: Overview of relevant research on the topic.
    • Data analysis: Using appropriate methods to analyze the collected data (quantitative).
    • Plagiarism: Misconduct; using others' work without proper attribution.
    • Instruments: Tools used for collecting numerical data (e.g., questionnaires, surveys).

    Writing a Research Paper

    • Conceptual Framework: Develops a topic, reviewing variables, creating a research question, developing a research plan, and considering research findings.

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    Related Documents

    Research Notes 3

    Description

    This quiz explores the essential concepts of research methods, including qualitative and quantitative approaches. It delves into variables, validity, reliability, and the systematic process of inquiry. Ideal for students looking to improve their understanding of research fundamentals.

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