42 Questions
What motivates an individual to pursue research, apart from the desire to get a research degree?
Desire to face challenges, intellectual joy, desire to be of service to society, desire to get respectability, and so on.
What is the main goal of applied research?
To find a solution to an immediate problem facing society or an organization.
What is research according to the definition?
A scientific and systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic, or a systematic process of collecting and analyzing information (data) in order to increase our understanding of the phenomenon about which we are concerned or interested.
What is the primary characteristic of descriptive research?
The researcher has no control over the variables.
What is research methodology?
A way to study the various steps that are generally adopted by a researcher in studying the research problems systematically, along with the logic, assumptions, justification, and rationale behind them.
What type of research is concerned with understanding human and social sciences?
Qualitative research.
What is the purpose of analytical research?
To make a critical evaluation of available material.
What is the key difference between quantitative and qualitative research?
Quantitative research focuses on numerical measurements, while qualitative research explores non-numerical phenomena.
What type of research involves abstract ideas or theories?
Conceptual research.
Why do we conduct research?
Not provided in the given content, but possible answer: To increase our understanding of a phenomenon, to identify solutions to problems, to contribute to existing knowledge, etc.
What is the significance of the phrase 'Don't Tell Me, Show Me' in research?
Not provided in the given content, but possible answer: It emphasizes the importance of evidence-based results and data-driven conclusions in research.
What is the focus of fundamental research?
Generalizations and formulation of theory.
What is the role of logic in research?
It is one of the characteristics of research, providing reason and evidence to support the research findings.
What are the characteristics of research?
It is a search for knowledge, moves from known to known, is systematic and careful inquiry, has logic reason and evidence, follows scientific methods (inductive and deductive), and formulates generalizations and theories.
How does research contribute to the formation of theories and generalizations?
Research formulates generalizations and theories through the systematic collection and analysis of data.
What is the relationship between research and scientific methods?
Research follows scientific methods, which can be either inductive or deductive.
What is the primary focus of empirical research?
Experience or observation alone
What is the main difference between research methods and research methodology?
Research methods refer to the techniques used to conduct research, while research methodology is a systematic approach to solving a research problem
What is the main difference between a case study and a survey research design?
A case study involves an in-depth examination of a single case, while a survey involves collecting data from a large sample of participants
What is the role of a research design in the research process?
To plan and structure the research study, including sampling and data collection
What is the primary consideration when selecting a research topic, and why is it important?
The research problem should be oriented towards a practical situation, and this is important because it determines the scope of the problem and the objectives of the research.
What are the essential characteristics of a good research title?
A good research title should be concise, clear, well-defined, and informative, with a maximum of 10-15 words, and follow either sentence case or title case.
Why is it important to ensure that the research problem is original and thematic?
An original and thematic research problem ensures that the research is novel, relevant, and contributes to the existing body of knowledge.
What is the final stage of the research process?
Interpretation and report writing
What is the significance of using current nomenclature from the field of study in an effective title?
It ensures that the title accurately represents the research study and is easily understood by the target audience.
What is the recommended length of an effective title in academic research?
10 to 15 substantive words.
What is the primary characteristic of a longitudinal research design?
It involves studying a phenomenon over a long period of time
What is the first step in defining a research problem?
Identify a broad topic, and think of the big picture.
What is the primary purpose of reviewing literature in the research process?
To gain a deeper understanding of the research topic and identify gaps in existing knowledge
What is the purpose of formulating objectives in research?
Formulating objectives helps to clarify the research problem, provide direction, and ensure that the research stays focused.
What is the purpose of defining a research problem in the research process?
To identify the gap in knowledge and provide a clear direction for the research study
What is an interdisciplinary field of research also known as?
A research area
What is the relationship between the research problem and the research objectives?
The research problem determines the objectives, and the objectives provide direction and focus for the research.
What is the purpose of data analysis in the research process?
To test hypotheses and draw conclusions from the data
What is the purpose of a niche area in academic research?
To identify a specific area of expertise or focus within a discipline of study.
Why is it necessary to define the research problem before starting the research journey?
Defining the research problem helps to determine what to do, how to do it, and what to achieve, ensuring that the research is focused and productive.
What is the purpose of identifying key variables in an effective title?
To provide a clear understanding of the research study's focus and scope.
What are some common factors that influence the selection of a research problem?
Researchers' interest in a topic, national or agency priorities, urgency of an issue, availability of research funds, and availability of supervision.
What is the purpose of using correct grammar and capitalization in an effective title?
To provide a professional and credible appearance.
What is the primary difference between a title and a topic in academic research?
A title is a name for a research paper, while a topic is what the paper is about.
Why is it important to avoid using abbreviations in an effective title?
To ensure clarity and accuracy in conveying the research study's focus and scope.
How can an effective title suggest a relationship between variables in a research study?
By implying a causal link or correlation between the variables.
Study Notes
Introduction to Research Methodology
- Research is a scientific and systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic.
- It involves collecting and analyzing information (data) to increase our understanding of a phenomenon.
Characteristics of Research
- Always a search for knowledge
- Moves from known to unknown
- Systematic and careful inquiry
- Based on logic, reason, and evidence
- Follows scientific methods (inductive and deductive)
- Formulates generalizations and theories
Why Do Research?
- Desire to get a research degree and its consequential benefits
- Desire to face challenges in solving unsolved problems
- Desire to get intellectual joy of doing creative work
- Desire to be of service to society
- Desire to get respectability
- Directives of government, employment conditions, etc.
Types of Research
- Descriptive research: surveys and fact-finding enquiries, no control over variables
- Analytical research: analyzing facts to make a critical evaluation
- Applied research: aims to find a solution for an immediate problem
- Fundamental research: concerned with generalizations and theory formulation
- Quantitative research: based on quantitative measurements, applicable to phenomena expressed in terms of quantities
- Qualitative research: concerned with qualitative phenomena, understands human and social sciences
- Conceptual research: related to abstract ideas or theory
- Empirical research: relies on experience or observation alone, data-based research
- Other types: one-time research, longitudinal research, field setting research, laboratory research, clinical or diagnostic research, historical research
Research Methods vs Methodology
- Research methods: techniques used for conducting research
- Research methodology: a way to systematically solve research problems, studying steps and logic behind them
Process of Research
- Define research problem and objectives
- Review literature
- Formulate hypotheses
- Research design
- Collecting and analyzing data
- Interpretation and report writing
Research Area and Topic
- Research area: interdisciplinary field of research
- Qualities of a good research topic:
- Research problem-oriented
- Coherence with objectives and problem
- Informative and descriptive
- Clarity and simplicity
- Current importance and relevance
- Originality and thematic relevance
Defining Research Problem
- Importance of defining research problem:
- Determines what to do and how to do it
- Determines what to achieve
- How to select a research problem:
- Researchers' interest in a topic
- National or agency priorities
- Urgency of an issue
- Availability of research funds and supervision
Steps in Defining Research Problems
- Identify a broad topic
- Identify a narrow topic within the broad topic
- Raise questions
- Formulate objectives using action-oriented words
Effective Titles in Academic Researches
- Characteristics of effective titles:
- Indicate accurately the subject and scope of the study
- Avoid using abbreviations
- Use words that create a positive impression and stimulate reader interest
- Use current nomenclature from the field of study
- Identify key variables, both dependent and independent
- May reveal how the paper will be organized
- Suggest a relationship between variables that supports the major hypothesis
Test your knowledge on research methodology, covering quantitative and qualitative research, planning, conducting, and evaluating research, and data analysis.
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