Research Methodology Principles

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Questions and Answers

What does the correlative aspect of research indicate?

It shows the methodology used in a study.

It highlights the ethical considerations of the research.

It summarizes the recommendations for future research.

It indicates the relationship between variables and their direction. (correct)

Which component of a research study typically contains the findings that answer the study's objectives?

Delineating Factors

Methods

Objective

Major Findings (correct)

What essential information can be found in the Methods column of a research matrix?

The theoretical framework of the study.

The cultural context of the research participants.

The literature review supporting the study.

The data collection instruments and procedures used. (correct)

Where are the variables typically found in a research study?

Within the research questions and abstracts. Signup and view all the answers

What is described in the Recommendation section of a research study?

Suggestions for future research on the topic. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of research design?

To provide a plan on how to conduct research Signup and view all the answers

Which principle emphasizes the importance of keeping promises and agreements in research?

Integrity Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided to ensure careful research practices?

Careless errors and negligence Signup and view all the answers

Why is openness important in research?

It encourages sharing of results and ideas Signup and view all the answers

What is a key component of respecting intellectual property in research?

Gaining permission before using unpublished materials Signup and view all the answers

What does confidentiality in research safeguard?

The personal information of respondents Signup and view all the answers

What should researchers do to maintain good records?

Carefully document data collection and correspondence Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of acknowledging contributions in research?

To promote ethical standards within the field Signup and view all the answers

What is one requirement for a true experimental design?

Random selection of participants Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of the research problem in determining research design?

It dictates the type of design that can be used. Signup and view all the answers

What type of design involves measuring subjects both before and after an intervention?

True experimental design Signup and view all the answers

What does Ex Post Facto design imply?

The study is based on pre-existing conditions. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the use of tables and graphs in quantitative research?

They simplify complex data into understandable trends. Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean if a study assumes a normal population distribution?

Data will follow a symmetrical bell curve under proper conditions. Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of using a repeatable method in research?

It allows findings to be verified in different settings. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of experimental research?

To test hypotheses in controlled conditions. Signup and view all the answers

What type of qualitative research focuses on discovering a new theory during data collection?

Grounded Theory Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of qualitative research?

Quantitatively measures data for statistical analysis Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does phenomenology primarily seek to understand?

How individuals find their experiences meaningful Signup and view all the answers

In which qualitative research type is a long-term study of a person or group emphasized?

Case Study Signup and view all the answers

Ethnography is primarily concerned with studying which of the following?

Cultural groups and their practices Signup and view all the answers

How does qualitative research generally approach its subject matter?

With a naturalistic and holistic perspective Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is emphasized by phenomenological research methodologies?

Meaning attached to personal experiences Signup and view all the answers

What does the naturalistic approach in qualitative research promote?

Subjective interpretation of cultural phenomena Signup and view all the answers

What does objectivity in research primarily refer to?

The absence of bias or prejudice in the research process Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a literature review in the research process?

To critically analyze existing scholarly articles related to the topic Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a step in formulating a hypothesis?

Conduct a literature review Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'replicable' in the context of research procedures?

Procedures that can be repeated under the same conditions Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what does conceptualizing your research involve?

Developing a detailed and measurable research problem Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of defining variables in hypothesis formulation?

To clarify goals that need to be quantifiable and measurable Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential aspect of carefully processing ideas in research?

Establishing confidence based on high standards Signup and view all the answers

Which step is considered the most difficult part of research, according to Aurini et al.?

Conceptualizing your research Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Research Process Overview

Research consists of a series of steps: conceptualization, literature review, hypothesis formulation, research design, data collection, and reporting findings.
A clear purpose statement outlines the study's objectives and intentions.

Step 1: Conceptualization

Involves identifying the research topic and problem, deemed the most difficult stage.
Emphasizes thorough discovery and reading to enhance understanding of the subject matter.

Step 2: Literature Review

Critical analysis of existing scholarly articles and knowledge.
Essential for informing the research and positioning it within the current academic landscape.

Step 3: Hypothesis Formulation

A hypothesis is an informed prediction about the relationship between variables.
Variables must be clearly defined, quantifiable, and measurable.
Conduct an in-depth examination of these variables to confirm the hypothesis.

Step 4: Research Design

A structured blueprint guiding how to collect research materials and data.
Design impacts methodology selection, ensuring the procedural integrity for replicability.

Step 5: Data Collection

Practical challenges may arise during the data gathering process.
Familiarity with effective data collection strategies is crucial for successful research.

Step 6: Preparing Research Results

Involves interpreting and reporting research findings while ensuring ethical practices are observed.
Emphasizes confidentiality and respect for intellectual property.

Types of Qualitative Research

Grounded Theory: Development of a new theory during data collection and analysis.
Case Study: In-depth exploration of an individual, group, or situation within real-world contexts.
Ethnography: Study of cultural groups to understand their behaviors and practices.
Phenomenology: Focus on understanding individuals' experiences and meanings related to specific events.

Advantages of Qualitative Research

Provides a deep understanding of human behavior in natural settings.
Respects individual perspectives and subjective meanings attached to experiences.
Combines both researcher insight and participant experiences for richer data interpretation.

Types of Quantitative Research

Experimental Design: Tests hypotheses through manipulated conditions.
True Experimental Design: Random selection ensures objectivity and causal relationship examination.
Correlational Design: Analyzes relationships and directions between variables.
Survey Design: Gathers data on attitudes and opinions from large populations.
Ex Post Facto Design: Observational study “after the fact” to explore existing conditions.

Research Matrix Components

Objective: States the aim of the research study.
Variables: Identifies factors considered in the research.
Methods: Details the research design, locations, respondents, instruments, procedures, and analysis techniques.
Major Findings: Summarizes key results and their implications related to the study's objective.
Recommendations: Suggests areas for further exploration based on research findings.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the principles of research methodology, particularly the importance of formulating a purpose statement and analyzing empirical data. Learn how to maintain objectivity and avoid bias in your study design and data interpretation.