Research Methodology Chapter 2

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of survey research?

To establish relationships among multiple variables

To examine the effectiveness of certain practices

To analyze specific individuals or groups in depth

To gather limited data from a large number of cases (correct)

Which of the following is an example of correlational studies?

Analyzing case studies of disease outbreaks in specific populations

Assessing the impact of a new health protocol on hospital performance

Investigating relationships between students' study habits and academic performance (correct)

Evaluating the effectiveness of technology implementation in schools

What is the focus of assessment/evaluation studies?

To determine the efficacy of certain practices among groups (correct)

To survey public opinion about healthcare services

To explore the causes of a specific disease

To conduct in-depth individual case analyses

Which example represents ex-post facto research?

Impact analysis of a disaster risk reduction program Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes survey research from other types of studies?

It gathers information from a large number of cases with limited data. Signup and view all the answers

What type of research is focused on examining the relationship between two or more variables without manipulating them?

Correlational Studies Signup and view all the answers

Which study design collects data after the experimental treatment to assess its effects?

Post Test Only Experimental Design Signup and view all the answers

What does Ex-post Facto research examine?

Observing consequences that follow after the fact Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Pre-Test-Post-Test Experimental Design from other designs?

It involves two points of measurement around the treatment Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Evaluation Studies, what does a follow-up study aim to achieve?

To evaluate prolonged effects of past studies Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of Survey Research?

To gather quantitative data through structured questions from a sample Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Correlational Studies?

They focus on two variables to assess how they change together. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Ex Post Facto Research?

To explore effects of a past event on present circumstances Signup and view all the answers

Which type of research design is primarily used to evaluate the effectiveness of a program or intervention?

Evaluation Studies Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario would a Case Study be most applicable?

When analyzing a specific individual or unit over a long period Signup and view all the answers

Which method is primarily concerned with understanding relationships that exist in the present?

Descriptive Method Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Correlational Studies from Experimental Studies?

Correlational Studies analyze relationships without manipulation of variables. Signup and view all the answers

Which research method can best be described as retrospective, analyzing the impact of past events?

Ex Post Facto Research Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chapter 2: Research Methodology

This chapter outlines the research methodology used.
It details the research design, the chosen method's justification, the research locale, and the sampling technique.
It also describes the instruments used, including their contents, development, and validation.
It includes a plan for data collection and analysis, specifying who collects data, when, and using which statistical analysis methods.

Research Designs

A research design outlines data sources, data types, collection methods, and analysis techniques.
It clarifies relationships between variables under study.
It sets the time constraints for answering the research problem.

Research Methods

Several research methods exist, including qualitative and quantitative approaches.
Examples of qualitative methods include case studies, surveys, narrative studies, grounded theory, and ethnography.
Examples of quantitative methods include correlational studies, causal-comparative studies, experimental studies, and single-subject studies.

Variables

Independent variables (presumed causes), intervening variables (influencing factors), and dependent variables (outcomes) are identified.
An example of variables: Educational qualifications (IV), age, sex as intervening variables, and teaching performance (DV) are shown as related variables.

Research Methods Overview

Historical Method: This method examines past events to understand present or predict future occurrences.
Descriptive Method: This method describes current situations, conditions, relationships, practices, and trends.
There are several types of descriptive research methods, including case studies, surveys, developmental studies, evaluation studies, comparative studies, correlational studies, follow-up studies, trends and projections, ex-post facto research, and participatory research.
Case Study: A detailed investigation of a person, unit, family, organization, or a particular disease over a significant period.
Survey Research: Collecting data from a large sample to gain information about prevailing conditions or variables.
Assessment/Evaluation Studies: Determining the effectiveness of practices or policies applied to a group of respondents.
Correlational Studies: Identifying relationships between two or more variables.
Follow-up Studies: Tracking the development of a specific condition or variable over time.
Ex-post Facto Research: Studies where the dependent variable has already occurred and researchers investigate antecedent causes.
Experimental Design: Includes post test only experimental design and pre-test-post-test experimental design.
- Post-test only design: A simple design where data collection occurs after the experimental treatment.
- Pre-test-post-test design: A more complex design with measurements before and after the experiment. Numerous examples illustrate these designs.

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Description

This quiz covers Chapter 2 of Research Methodology, focusing on the various research designs and methods employed in conducting studies. It examines the justification of research choices, the instruments used for data collection, and analytical techniques. Test your knowledge on both qualitative and quantitative research approaches.