Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a key characteristic that distinguishes case studies from correlational and experimental methods in psychopathology research?
What is a key characteristic that distinguishes case studies from correlational and experimental methods in psychopathology research?
Which of the following is NOT a potential strength of using case studies in psychopathology research?
Which of the following is NOT a potential strength of using case studies in psychopathology research?
Which of the following research methods is best suited for studying rare or unusual psychological problems?
Which of the following research methods is best suited for studying rare or unusual psychological problems?
A correlation coefficient of -0.8 indicates a ______ relationship between two variables.
A correlation coefficient of -0.8 indicates a ______ relationship between two variables.
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What is the primary goal of clinical researchers in psychopathology?
What is the primary goal of clinical researchers in psychopathology?
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Which of the following examples best represents a potential negative consequence of flawed research in psychopathology?
Which of the following examples best represents a potential negative consequence of flawed research in psychopathology?
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What is the significance of a statistically significant finding in correlational research?
What is the significance of a statistically significant finding in correlational research?
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A researcher is studying the relationship between levels of stress and physical health. What type of research method would be most appropriate for this study?
A researcher is studying the relationship between levels of stress and physical health. What type of research method would be most appropriate for this study?
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Flashcards
Research in psychopathology
Research in psychopathology
Study aimed at enhancing clinical practices and understanding mental disorders.
Flawed research impacts
Flawed research impacts
Inaccurate findings can lead to harmful practices like lobotomies or conversion therapy.
Nomothetic vs. Idiographic
Nomothetic vs. Idiographic
Nomothetic seeks general understanding; idiographic focuses on individual cases.
Case studies
Case studies
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Correlational methods
Correlational methods
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Correlation coefficient (r)
Correlation coefficient (r)
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Statistical significance
Statistical significance
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Line of best fit
Line of best fit
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Study Notes
Research in Psychopathology
- Aims to improve clinical practice
- Inaccurate research can cause great distress
- Flawed research can have a significant impact
- Includes topics like lobotomies and conversion therapy
- Explores the causes, nature, and treatment of psychopathology
Clinical Research Methods
- Researchers seek general (nomothetic) or individual (idiographic) understanding of psychopathology
- Use scientific method
- Employ various research designs
Case Studies
- Detailed, interpretative descriptions of individuals' lives and psychological problems
- Strengths: generate hypotheses, understand unique cases, explore new treatment approaches
- Limitations: findings not generalizable, prone to biases, limited ability to determine cause-and-effect.
Correlational Methods
- Assess the relationship between two variables
- Strengths: explores naturally occurring relationships, high external validity, able to study many individuals
- Limitations: cannot determine cause-and-effect, correlation does not equal causation, prone to confounds
- Measures association using the correlation coefficient (r) which ranges from -1 to +1. A value of zero indicates no relationship.
- Examples include correlation between exercise and depressive symptoms, or avoidance behaviors and anxiety.
Experimental Methods
- Involve manipulating variables (IV) to observe their effect on other variables (DV)
- Strengths: enables researchers to determine cause-and-effect relationships
- Limitations: low external validity, potential for researcher bias
Features to Guard Against Confounding Variables in Experiments
- Control group: group that does not receive treatment for comparison.
- Random assignment: ensures every participant has an equal chance of being in any group.
- Masked design: researchers and participants are unaware of group assignments.
Types of Experimental Designs
- Single-case experiments: observe a single participant before and after manipulating the (IV).
- Longitudinal studies: track the same individuals over time.
- ABAB (reversal) design: manipulation of the IV is repeated across phases to observe changes.
- Epidemiological studies: examine incidence and prevalence of disorders in a population.
Protecting Human Participants
- Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) review research proposals to ensure ethical treatment of participants.
- Informed consent: participants are fully aware of research procedures and risks.
- Avoid harm: studies minimize risks to participants.
- Confidentiality and anonymity are essential.
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Description
This quiz delves into the various research methods in psychopathology, including clinical research, case studies, and correlational methods. It highlights the importance of accurate research in improving clinical practice and explores both the strengths and limitations of each method. Test your knowledge on the complexities of psychopathological research and its implications for treatment.
