105 MC CONT 1 ETHICS

<p>Minimizing suffering and maximizing the benefits of the research. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Withholding information from participants about the true purpose of the study. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Respecting truth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Replication (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Justice (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The width of the distribution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Largest measurement minus smallest measurement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The statistic that describes the average difference from the mean (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Synchronized variations between two variables (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A property that can have more than one value (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A graphic representation showing how often each measurement occurs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A distribution that is mathematically defined with values concentrated around the middle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Summary statements about essential information from a dataset (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Standard deviation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Presence of extreme values that affect the distribution shape (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A random selection of individuals that represent the population (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is often inconsistent and incomplete. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The most frequently occurring value (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A property in measurable terms. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They provide a visual context for understanding data distributions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Subjectivity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendency for a measure to give consistent results. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ability to detect specified conditions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They consistently rate qualities of performance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent judges from misinterpreting closely timed results. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Measurement and description. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Causal relationships between variables (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Random sampling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When the characteristics of the sample align closely with the general population (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using the same procedures with a new sample (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Concluding that a relationship exists when it does not (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It focuses on understanding a single individual's behavior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If the sample is statistically representative of the population (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>External validity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As one variable increases, the other also increases. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>-1.0 to +1.0 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High exercise levels and low health issues may both be influenced by diet. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The correlation is strong and fewer exceptions exist. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There is no correlation between the variables. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As exercise frequency increases, weight decreases. (A), As the number of hours worked increases, free time decreases. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Correlations observed in the environment without manipulation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>X → Y (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The extent to which measurements differ; indicates spread.

Difference between the largest and smallest values in a distribution.

Describes the average difference between measurements and the mean.

A relationship where changes in one variable associate with changes in another.

A property or characteristic that can take different values.

Using the senses to learn about properties of events or objects.

Observations can be inconsistent and incomplete.

The use of scientific techniques to quantify observations.

Describes a property in measurable terms, aiding clarity in research.

The extent to which a measure accurately reflects the property being assessed.

The consistency of a measure producing the same result over time.

The ability of a measure to detect specified conditions.

Judges in ice dancing consistently rate performance qualities.

The complete collection of individuals from which a sample can be drawn.

A partial collection of individuals selected from a population.

Summarized statements that provide essential information from data collected.

A graphic representation that shows how often each value occurs.

A frequency distribution where most measurements are around the middle.

Measures that describe the center of a data distribution, including mode, mean, and median.

The most frequently occurring value in a data set.

The middle value of a sorted data set, dividing it into two halves.

The ability of an experiment to establish causal relationships.

The degree to which experimental findings can be generalized to settings outside the study.

A research approach focusing on an in-depth study of a single individual.

A technique ensuring every member of a population has an equal chance of being included in the sample.

A technique where the sample may not represent the population due to specific conditions.

Repeating an experiment with new samples to verify results.

A mistake made when concluding a causal relationship exists when it does not.

Inferring results from a sample to the broader population.

Guidelines ensuring ethical research with human participants based on respect for dignity.

Participants must agree to research understanding risks and benefits.

Participants should decide voluntarily without pressure or threats.

Research must minimize risks and maximize benefits to participants.

Evaluating potential risks against potential benefits for participants.

Misleading participants about certain aspects of the study, allowed under strict guidelines.

Sets standards for the ethical treatment of animals in research.

Three Rs guiding ethical animal research: replace with alternatives, reduce the number of animals, refine procedures to minimize suffering.

A correlation where increasing one variable increases the other.

A correlation where increasing one variable decreases the other.

A numerical value between -1 and +1 indicating correlation strength and direction.

A correlation where r equals +1 or -1, indicating a full relationship.

When a third variable influences the correlation between two other variables.

A correlation observed in common variables without manipulation.

Reasons why two variables may be correlated: X causes Y, Y causes X, or Z causes both.