Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does a research design primarily serve as?
What does a research design primarily serve as?
Which element is NOT typically included in a research design?
Which element is NOT typically included in a research design?
What is a key characteristic of quantitative research design?
What is a key characteristic of quantitative research design?
Which of the following is NOT a type of true experimental design?
Which of the following is NOT a type of true experimental design?
Signup and view all the answers
What aspect of research design allows generalization of results from a sample to a population?
What aspect of research design allows generalization of results from a sample to a population?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following statements about experimental research designs is accurate?
Which of the following statements about experimental research designs is accurate?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following categorizations does NOT fit under quantitative research design?
Which of the following categorizations does NOT fit under quantitative research design?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main outcome of quantitative research?
What is the main outcome of quantitative research?
Signup and view all the answers
Which method is commonly employed in data collection for quantitative research?
Which method is commonly employed in data collection for quantitative research?
Signup and view all the answers
Which research design approach focuses on numeric data and statistical analysis?
Which research design approach focuses on numeric data and statistical analysis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary objective of qualitative research?
What is the primary objective of qualitative research?
Signup and view all the answers
Which method is NOT typically used in qualitative research?
Which method is NOT typically used in qualitative research?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of qualitative research involves studying cultural groups from an insider's perspective?
What type of qualitative research involves studying cultural groups from an insider's perspective?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the outcome associated with the use of grounded theory in qualitative research?
What is the outcome associated with the use of grounded theory in qualitative research?
Signup and view all the answers
Which qualitative research design specifically aims to clarify and improve research practices?
Which qualitative research design specifically aims to clarify and improve research practices?
Signup and view all the answers
Which qualitative research approach analyzes human experiences through participant descriptions?
Which qualitative research approach analyzes human experiences through participant descriptions?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common feature of case studies in qualitative research?
What is a common feature of case studies in qualitative research?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of qualitative research studies past occurrences to uncover trends and causes?
What type of qualitative research studies past occurrences to uncover trends and causes?
Signup and view all the answers
Which method is used in qualitative research to enhance questionnaire development?
Which method is used in qualitative research to enhance questionnaire development?
Signup and view all the answers
Which research design primarily involves observing the actions and interactions of people within their own environment?
Which research design primarily involves observing the actions and interactions of people within their own environment?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a defining feature of quasi-experimental design?
What is a defining feature of quasi-experimental design?
Signup and view all the answers
Which design is characterized by a single group without a control group?
Which design is characterized by a single group without a control group?
Signup and view all the answers
What distinguishes correlational design from experimental designs?
What distinguishes correlational design from experimental designs?
Signup and view all the answers
In prospective design, what is the primary focus?
In prospective design, what is the primary focus?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following describes the goal of descriptive research design?
Which of the following describes the goal of descriptive research design?
Signup and view all the answers
Which design would best be described as lacking any randomization or control?
Which design would best be described as lacking any randomization or control?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of research design involves examining relationships in the past?
What type of research design involves examining relationships in the past?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary goal of exploratory descriptive design in research?
What is the primary goal of exploratory descriptive design in research?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of non-experimental research design?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of non-experimental research design?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a key feature of time-series design?
What is a key feature of time-series design?
Signup and view all the answers
In comparative descriptive design, what is the main focus of investigation?
In comparative descriptive design, what is the main focus of investigation?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of research design provides insights without imposing control on the subject?
Which type of research design provides insights without imposing control on the subject?
Signup and view all the answers
How does a longitudinal design differ from a cross-sectional design?
How does a longitudinal design differ from a cross-sectional design?
Signup and view all the answers
What does epidemiology primarily study?
What does epidemiology primarily study?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of research design involves self-reported data collection to describe population characteristics?
What type of research design involves self-reported data collection to describe population characteristics?
Signup and view all the answers
Which research design would be most appropriate for examining the relationships between multiple variables over time?
Which research design would be most appropriate for examining the relationships between multiple variables over time?
Signup and view all the answers
What research method would typically follow up with cohorts over a period of time to examine health outcomes?
What research method would typically follow up with cohorts over a period of time to examine health outcomes?
Signup and view all the answers
What is NOT a focus of qualitative research design?
What is NOT a focus of qualitative research design?
Signup and view all the answers
What characterizes univariant descriptive studies in research?
What characterizes univariant descriptive studies in research?
Signup and view all the answers
Which research design is least likely to provide insight into the causality of health outcomes?
Which research design is least likely to provide insight into the causality of health outcomes?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Research Designs
- Research designs are the decisions made about what, where, when, how much, and how a research study will be conducted.
- Research design is a blueprint for a study, outlining the approach, setting, sample size, data collection method, and data analysis to answer specific research questions or test hypotheses.
- Research designs are broadly categorized into quantitative and qualitative approaches.
Elements of Research Design
- Quantitative: This approach focuses on numerical data and includes defining the population, sample, and sampling technique. It also involves the methods of data analysis, and the time and place of data collection.
Types/Approaches of Research Design
-
Quantitative Research Design:
- Quantifies data and generalizes results from sample to population.
- Examines large numbers of representative cases.
- Employs a structured approach to data collection.
- Enables extensive statistical analysis.
- Used to confirm hypotheses, theories, and recommend courses of action.
-
True Experiments:
-
Post-test only control design, Pre-test post-test control group design, Solomon four-group design, Factorial design, Randomized block design, Crossover design. These involve manipulating an independent variable and controlling extraneous variables.
-
Quasi-Experiments: These involve manipulating an independent variable but without complete control over extraneous variables; nonrandomized control group designs, and time-series designs are examples.
-
Pre-experiments: These involve limited control over variables. Examples include one-shot case design and one-group pretest-posttest design.
-
Descriptive designs: Provide a detailed description of characteristics in a situation or group. Examples include univariate descriptive designs.
-
Correlational/ Ex Post Facto Designs:
-
Prospective designs: Examine relationships between variables in a natural setting, examining a cause-and-effect relationship.
-
Retrospective designs: Examine a relationship between variables in a natural setting by analyzing data after the fact, looking at the effect and then looking back to see the cause.
-
Exploratory Designs:
-
Formulate a problem.
-
Provide evidence of relationship between variables.
-
Comparative Designs:
-
Compare the occurrences of a phenomenon in two or more groups.
-
Developmental Designs:
-
Cross-sectional design: Examines a phenomenon at a single point in time.
-
Longitudinal design: Examines a phenomenon at various points in time.
-
Epidemiological Designs:
-
Case-control studies: Investigate the distribution and causes of disease in populations.
-
Cohort studies: Investigate the distribution and causes of disease in populations.
-
Survey Research Designs: Collect self-reported data to describe population variables.
-
Qualitative Research Design:
-
Explores academic, trade, and professional literature (both traditional and internet-based).
-
Uses interviews, brainstorming, and focus groups to explore data.
-
Uses existing questionnaires and constructs to improve conceptualization.
-
Clarifies research designs, including data collection approaches.
-
Develops questionnaires (draft the questionnaire).
-
Phenomenological research: Explores human experiences.
-
Ethnographic research: Investigates cultural groups and key informants.
-
Grounded theory: Develops theories from data.
-
Case studies: Examines a phenomenon in detail.
-
Historical Research: Systematically collects and evaluates past data to understand causes and effects, and predict future trends.
-
Action Research: Seeks to improve practices by studying the effects of specific actions.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Explore the fundamental aspects of research designs in this quiz. Understand the differences between quantitative and qualitative approaches, and learn about the elements that make up an effective research design. Test your knowledge on how research studies are structured to answer specific questions or hypotheses.
