Research Design and Qualitative Methods (GEOG361)
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Research Design and Qualitative Methods (GEOG361)

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What is one of the consequences of the capitalist mode of production on food access?

  • It eliminates the need for social relationships.
  • It creates disparities based on class and race. (correct)
  • It ensures all food is affordable for everyone.
  • It determines food prices exclusively based on quality.

    • How does gentrification affect minority groups in urban areas?

  • It creates more affordable housing options for them.
  • It enhances their social visibility and power.
  • It improves their living conditions permanently.
  • It often leads to their displacement. (correct)

    • What term describes the phenomenon where what is free becomes commodified?

  • Social relationship transformation
  • Cultural commodification
  • Accumulation by dispossession (correct)
  • Market dependency

    • What is the term for food with a provenance that is complex and requires expert knowledge to understand?

    <p>Industrial food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do middle-class individuals move into previously working-class neighborhoods?

    <p>They desire proximity to cheap rents and cultural experiences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do critiques of capitalism often reveal about consumer products?

    <p>They are mass-produced and lacking authenticity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the observations made regarding the postindustrial city, what drives capitalism's growth?

    <p>An imperative to expand by at least 2.8%.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What attracts artists to gentrifying neighborhoods?

    <p>Attraction to authenticity and criticism of fakeness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a literature review in research?

    <p>To acknowledge existing research and situate one's study within it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one characteristic of an effective research title?

    <p>It should grab attention and be concise, ideally max 12 words</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement reflects common challenges associated with gentrification?

    <p>It is often criticized by artists who witness cultural changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do artists play in gentrifying neighborhoods according to the information provided?

    <p>They identify with the culture and become insiders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated as a common misconception in conducting literature reviews?

    <p>Including new ideas in the conclusion is acceptable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In research methodology, what does the term 'deductive reasoning' refer to?

    <p>Start with a theory and then conduct a study.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a suggested strategy for organizing literature in a review?

    <p>Thematically, around key trends and issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of purposive sampling in qualitative research?

    <p>It involves searching for participants with specific expertise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What methodology is primarily used in ethnographic research to gather data?

    <p>Engaging with participants in their natural settings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the purpose of Photovoice as described in the content?

    <p>To allow individuals to express and analyze their own experiences visually.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What problem related to gender is noted in the history of ethnography?

    <p>The findings from ethnographic research are biased towards male perspectives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In qualitative research, what is the main focus rather than statistical evidence?

    <p>Understanding people's experiences from their perspective.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best describes the relationship between participant observation and ethnography?

    <p>Participant observation is a classic form of ethnography.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What challenges can researchers face when attempting to gain access to closed social settings?

    <p>Need for permissions and networking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which situation describes covert research?

    <p>The researcher hides their identity during the study.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of 'gatekeepers' in ethnographic research?

    <p>They help researchers with the recruitment of participants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is thick description in ethnography?

    <p>A detailed textual representation of the research context.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three types of field notes mentioned in ethnographic research?

    <p>Mental notes, jotted notes, and full field notes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key ethical concern in covert research?

    <p>Deception and invasion of privacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'deep hanging out' refer to in ethnographic research?

    <p>Living with and observing the group being studied.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered a pseudo-public space?

    <p>A bar that operates as a business using public space.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can reliance on key informants affect ethnographic research?

    <p>It may result in a biased understanding of the social reality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is gentrification primarily characterized by?

    <p>The displacement of lower class residents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which research method focuses on data that cannot be counted?

    <p>Qualitative Research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freeman, what is the job of science?

    <p>To identify and describe patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle reflects the conduct and responsibilities of researchers in ethics?

    <p>Confidentiality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Rent Gap theory associated with?

    <p>Disparity between property price and potential value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of research is deemed most important in quantitative studies?

    <p>Data collection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is regarded as a key ethical concern in research involving power relations?

    <p>Manipulation of outcomes by powerful subjects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Commodification refers to the process of:

    <p>Transforming non-commodities into commodities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'studying up' in research?

    <p>Studying individuals in positions of authority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of snowball sampling in research?

    <p>Expand the participant pool through referrals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following concepts describes the idea of false narratives presented by commodities?

    <p>Commodity Fetishism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the phrase 'accumulation by dispossession' in the context of gentrification refer to?

    <p>Taking over and redeveloping land</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does capitalism affect social relationships in production, according to the material?

    <p>It obscures the production chain and labor connections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Research Design and Qualitative Methods (GEOG361)

    • Theory is a framework for understanding the world, developed through observation and patterns.
    • Research provides a disciplined way of knowing about ourselves and the world.
    • It is essential to critically analyze the authority figures we rely on for information.
    • Quantitative research involves quantifiable data.
    • Qualitative research explores aspects that are not easily measured.
    • Both methods follow the scientific method.
    • Data is empirical evidence used to test theories.
    • Research must be systematic and reproducible.
    • The research process involves planning, data collection, analysis and interpretation.
    • A strong research question is limited, feasible, observable, tangible, and countable.
    • Gentrification is the process of social upgrading, often through investments and re-commodification leading to displacement.
    • Capitalism thrives on expanding and transforming things into commodities.
    • The Rent Gap is the disparity between the actual price and the potential value of a property, influencing capital investment.
    • Accumulation by dispossession refers to gaining control of land and resources.
    • Insider research leverages personal experience, but can lead to bias.
    • Outsider research provides a different perspective, but may miss nuances.
    • Power dynamics are inherent in research and influence interactions.
    • Ethical considerations in research include informed consent, anonymity, confidentiality, and non-harmful practices.
    • Field notes are detailed records of observations and reflections.
    • Commodity fetishism focuses on superficial aspects of products.
    • Industrial food is complex and often hidden from consumers.
    • The market presents a false reality, hiding the truths of food production and ecological consequences.
    • Neo-bohemia is the attraction of middle-class individuals to working-class areas associated with authenticity and counter-culture appeal.
    • Authenticity is a key theme in neo-bohemia, contrasting with the perceived inauthenticity of mass-produced commodities.
    • Bohemian traditions, passed down through art and culture, influence the appeal of specific neighborhoods.
    • Literature review is crucial to understand existing research and position your own study.
    • Ethnography employs participant observation and other qualitative methods to understand social groups.
    • Participant observation involves immersing oneself in the research environment.
    • Gaining access to research settings can be challenging, requiring luck, skill, and perseverance.
    • Overt research acknowledges the researcher's presence, while covert research hides it.
    • Key informants provide valuable insights but can influence the researcher's perspective.
    • Field notes are essential for documenting observations, experiences, and reflections.
    • Visual ethnography incorporates photography.
    • Reflexive writing critically examines the researcher's role and impact on the research.

    Photovoice

    • Photovoice is a method used in research, where participants are asked to take photos that represent their experiences.
    • Traditionally, disposable cameras were given to participants, but today, smartphones are often used.
    • Participants analyze their photos and share their interpretations with the researcher.

    Sampling in Ethnographic Research

    • Probability sampling is rarely used in ethnographic research.
    • Purposive sampling involves selecting participants who are likely to provide rich information about the study group.
    • Snowball sampling involves starting with one participant and asking them to refer the researcher to others.

    Ethnographic Research

    • Ethnographic research focuses on understanding people's experiences from their perspective.
    • It emphasizes recognizing social differences and acknowledging how people's lives vary based on their identities.
    • Feminist perspectives are important in ethnography, as traditionally, research has been dominated by male perspectives.
    • Ethnographic research involves collecting qualitative data and using theories to interpret it.
    • The goal is to provide compelling narratives supported by evidence.
    • Determining when to stop collecting data can be challenging, especially when deadlines exist.

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    GEOG361 Research Design & Qualitative Methods Notes PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers key concepts in research design and qualitative methods, focusing on theories, data collection, and the differences between quantitative and qualitative research. Understand the importance of a strong research question and analyze the impacts of phenomena like gentrification within a capitalist framework. Test your knowledge of systematic research processes and methodologies.

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