Research and Inquiry Skills Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences social change?

  • Social environment
  • Technological advancements
  • Personal preferences (correct)
  • Physical environment

Match the social theories with their definitions.

Structural Functionalism = Society as a system with interdependent parts working together for stability. Marx’s Conflict Theory = Society is characterized by class struggle and inequality. Weber’s Conflict Theory = Conflict arises from multiple sources, including class, status, and power. Merton’s Strain Theory = Deviance results from a disconnect between cultural goals and the means to achieve them.

The New International Division of Labour Theory argues that globalization has led to a more equitable distribution of labor across the world.

False (B)

Define the term 'demographics'.

<p>Demographics is the statistical study of populations, including characteristics such as age, gender, ethnicity, and income.</p> Signup and view all the answers

________ is the process where individuals learn by observing the behavior of others.

<p>Observational learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key challenge of globalization regarding labor practices in developing countries?

<p>Exploitation of workers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Restorative justice focuses on punishment rather than reconciliation.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can climate change disproportionately affect vulnerable societies?

<p>Climate change can exacerbate existing inequalities, leading to displacement, food insecurity, and increased health risks for vulnerable societies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key term related to the Inquiry Model for Social Scientists?

<p>Social stratification (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Gladwell's theory, social epidemics have two rules.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to the spread of an idea or innovation?

<p>diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

The theory that suggests how a society's culture adapts to its environment is called ______.

<p>cultural materialism</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each concept to its definition

<p>Social stratification = Hierarchical arrangement of social classes Class = A group of people with similar economic status Status = A person's social position Power = The ability to influence others</p> Signup and view all the answers

Marx's Conflict Theory is primarily concerned with:

<p>Inequality and conflict arising from economic differences (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The 'Three R's' for evaluating sources are: Recent, Reliable and Reputable.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the study of population statistics?

<p>demographics</p> Signup and view all the answers

A graphical representation of the age and sex distribution of a population is called a ______.

<p>population pyramid</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is an example of a type of immigrant to Canada?

<p>Economic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The bandwagon effect is a cognitive bias where people tend to conform to the opinions or actions of others.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes behavior that deviates from societal norms?

<p>deviance</p> Signup and view all the answers

A type of cybercrime where someone makes false reports to emergency services is called ______.

<p>swatting</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the theory of deviance with its key concept.

<p>Strain Theory = Social pressures to achieve societal goals Control Theory = Social bonds and connections Differential Association Theory = Learning deviant behavior from others</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key term associated with the study of world poverty?

<p>Human Development Index (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Flashcards

Social Change

The process of transforming societal structures and practices over time.

Observational Learning Theory

A theory that focuses on how the social environment influences individuals' behavior. This theory suggests that people learn behaviors by observing others.

Merton's Strain Theory

A theory that suggests that societal problems arise when people try to achieve culturally valued goals through illegitimate means.

Demographics

The study of population characteristics, such as age, gender, and ethnicity.

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Social Environment

A change in the social environment that leads to changes in culture and society. This can include factors like technology, climate change, or population growth.

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Immigration

The process of moving to a new country to live permanently, often seeking better opportunities.

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Refugee

Individuals fleeing their home countries due to persecution or violence.

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Globalization

The global interconnectedness of people, ideas, and economies, driven by technology and trade.

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Diffusion

The spread of a new idea or innovation throughout a society.

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Conflict Theory

A social theory that emphasizes the role of conflict in shaping social change. It suggests that social change is driven by power struggles between different groups.

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Structural-Functionalism

A social theory that views society as a complex system made up of interrelated parts that work together to maintain stability and order. It suggests that social change occurs gradually as parts of the system adapt to new conditions.

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Acculturation

The process of social change that occurs when individuals or groups adapt to a new culture.

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Social Stratification

A set of social positions or ranks within a society, usually based on factors like wealth, status, and power.

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Cultural Materialism

A social theory that emphasizes the role of technology in shaping social change. It suggests that technology drives economic development and social organization.

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Class

An individual or group's position in society based on factors like wealth, income, and education.

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Aging Population

A trend that describes the increasing proportion of older people in a population.

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Conformity

The process by which individuals adjust their behavior to conform to group norms.

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Differential Association Theory

A social theory that suggests deviant behavior is learned through interaction with others who engage in deviant behavior.

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Deviance

Behaviors that deviate from the norms of a particular society.

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Control Theory

The idea that individuals are more likely to engage in deviant behavior if they lack social bonds and connections.

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Cybercrime

A form of deviance that involves using technology to commit crimes.

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Study Notes

Part A: Multiple Choice

  • Review unit tests and study guide for multiple choice questions on Research and Inquiry Skills, Social Change, Social Patterns and Trends, and Global Social Challenges.

Part B: Matching

  • Match the following theories with their definitions: Structural Functionalism, Cultural Materialism, Marx's Conflict Theory, White's Cultural Evolution Theory, Weber's Conflict Theory, Merton's Strain Theory, Control Theory, New International Division of Labour Theory, Differential Association Theory, Bandura's Observational Learning Theory.

Part C: Extended Answer (Unit 1: Social Change)

  • Choose two factors (social environment, physical environment, population changes, proximity to other countries, technology) and explore their influence on significant social change throughout history or in contemporary society using specific examples.

  • For each factor, explain how it shaped change in detail, and the implications for future social change.

  • Define and explain the relationship to social patterns and trends for five of these terms: demographics, immigration, refugee, media, conformity, observational modelling, deviance, likely offenders, hate crime, baby boom, restorative justice.

Part E: Short Answer (Unit 3: Global Social Challenges)

  • Question 1: Define globalization and its influence on developing countries' labor practices, including examples of benefits and challenges for workers.

  • Question 2: Discuss climate change's effects on vulnerable societies, with specific examples.

  • Question 3: Explain causes of world poverty, using the Haitian case study, and suggest a development project approach to address poverty in low-development countries.

Unit 1: Social Change

  • Sept. 3: Social change is the subject matter.

  • Sept. 4: The Inquiry Model for social scientists includes primary and secondary research, participant-observation, surveys, and interviews. Research questions and hypotheses are important skills to develop.

  • Sept. 5: Reading journal articles: understand the general idea and specific details.

  • Sept. 9: Social change can be like a social epidemic with a tipping point as illustrated by Gladwell’s rules for social epidemics.

  • Sept. 10: Social sciences study change to better understand society. Theories in change include Cultural Materialism, Structural-functionalism, and Conflict theory.

  • Sept. 11: Factors like social environment, physical environment, population changes, proximity to other countries, and technology have a substantial influence on culture and society.

  • Sept. 12: Social stratification (class, status, power) and inequality impact social change as displayed by Occupy Wall Street.

  • Sept. 13: Technology significantly affects change, as exemplified by the Arab Spring and the Freedom Convoy.

  • Sept. 16: Critically evaluate sources using the "Three R's" (recent, reliable, relevant).

  • Sept. 17-18: The physical environment influences social change, as explored in the Amazon Road Decision Stakeholder Analysis.

  • Sept. 19: Technology’s impact is discussed using Evolutionary Theory, White’s Cultural Evolution Theory, and Toffler’s Wave Theory.

  • Sept. 23: Specific examples of new technologies and their impacts are key concepts to review.

  • Oct. 16: Canada's aging population trend is observed and its effect on society is discussed.

  • Oct. 17: Immigration trends in Canada include economic, family, and refugee immigrants, as well as settlement patterns. The effects are important to study.

  • Oct. 18: The refugee crisis is explored with a case study of 4.1 Miles and the reasons why people are leaving countries.

  • Oct. 21-22: Canada's refugee situation and immigration myths are major points of study.

  • Oct. 24: Media influence on trends is a central concept studied with reference to conformity and observational modelling and experiments by Asch and Bandura.

  • Oct. 28: Social media as a catalyst for change is explored.

  • Oct. 29-31: Social deviance (bad, odd, admired behaviours) as well as cybercrime and swatting are detailed. Strain Theory, Control Theory, and Differential Association Theory as theories of deviance are key concepts.

  • Nov. 1, 4: The influence of media violence is covered, requiring review of relevant course material.

  • Nov. 5-12: Crime trends in Canada include likely offenders, hate crime, and restorative justice.

  • Nov. 13: The criminal justice system, including police, courts, corrections, and restorative justice, are important concepts in social patterns and trends.

Unit 3: Global Social Challenges

  • Nov. 27: World poverty including development, developed/developing countries, and the Human Development Index are key concepts.

  • Nov. 28: Exploring the causes of poverty using the Haitian case study

  • Nov. 29: Poverty in Canada with examples of marginalized groups such as disabled, single-parent, Indigenous and racialized families to focus on.

  • Dec. 4-5: International efforts to reduce poverty are examined by considering criteria of development projects. Case studies like Dominion Farms, and IDRC projects are key examples.

  • Dec. 6: Globalization, including Export Processing Zones (EPZs), and the New International Division of Labour Theory are examined, with the Congo tantalum mining case study as an example.

  • Dec. 9-10: Globalization's impact on labor practices (including sweatshops and multinational corporations ) is an important concept.

  • Dec. 12: Child labor, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), and the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child are central topics.

  • Dec. 13: Climate migrants, climate change, and the Dhaka case study are explored.

  • Dec. 16: The link between conflict and climate change, including the Climate Change Vulnerability Index, is important to understand.

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