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Questions and Answers
What are the 3 Main Search Categories?
What are the 3 Main Search Categories?
What is the most effective search strategy among the main search categories?
What is the most effective search strategy among the main search categories?
The most effective search strategy should blend all available resources into a logical sequence.
Physical Search requires search specialists and unique electronic equipment.
Physical Search requires search specialists and unique electronic equipment.
False
What are the limitations of Physical Search?
What are the limitations of Physical Search?
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What are the 4 Types of Collapse Patterns?
What are the 4 Types of Collapse Patterns?
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What results from a Lean-To Collapse?
What results from a Lean-To Collapse?
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What is formed during a V-Shape Collapse?
What is formed during a V-Shape Collapse?
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What type of collapse results in a layering effect?
What type of collapse results in a layering effect?
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What is a Cantilever Collapse?
What is a Cantilever Collapse?
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What are the five major functions that The ICS System is divided into?
What are the five major functions that The ICS System is divided into?
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What is an important safety measure during rope rescue operations?
What is an important safety measure during rope rescue operations?
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What does the term 'Belay' refer to?
What does the term 'Belay' refer to?
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Which position is a critical link in the safe operation of the belay/safety line system?
Which position is a critical link in the safe operation of the belay/safety line system?
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The 'Edge Position' must be filled prior to beginning rope rescue operations.
The 'Edge Position' must be filled prior to beginning rope rescue operations.
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What is the maximum length of a vertical post of a spot shore?
What is the maximum length of a vertical post of a spot shore?
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What is the maximum separation distance of individual Rakers?
What is the maximum separation distance of individual Rakers?
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Study Notes
Search Categories
- Three main search categories in rescue operations: Physical Search, US&R Canine Search, and Technical Search.
- Blending all resources into a logical sequence enhances search effectiveness.
Physical Search
- Utilizes readily available resources to cover large areas quickly; does not require specialists or unique equipment.
- Volunteers can be employed for this type of search.
- Most effective during daylight; requires proximity to danger areas.
- Limited access to voids within structures.
Collapse Patterns
- Four types of collapse patterns: Lean-To, "V"-Shape, Pancake, and Cantilever.
- Lean-To Collapse: Creates a triangular void considered survivable; occurs when a wall failure leads to roof or floor sections falling to one side.
- V-Shape Collapse: Formed when flooring collapses in the center, creating two voids on either side.
- Pancake Collapse: Results from multiple layers of floors/roofs collapsing, yielding limited access and small void spaces.
- Cantilever Collapse: Occurs when a wall collapses, leaving one end of the structure unsupported, necessitating extensive shoring for safety.
Incident Command System (ICS)
- ICS divided into five major functions: Command, Finance/Administration, Logistics, Operations, and Planning.
- Key for organizing and managing emergency situations.
Rope Rescue Operations
- Safety during rope rescue requires a backup line (belay/safety line) to catch loads if the main line fails.
- The "Edge" position is critical and must be filled before initiating operations in rope rescues.
Building Material Weights
- Wood: 35 pounds per cubic foot (PCF)
- Masonry: 125 PCF
- Concrete: 150 PCF
- Steel: 490 PCF
Load Carrying Capacity
- Weight-bearing capability of lumber contact points is about 500 psi, with a 3.5" contact area yielding over 6,000 pounds.
- Crib beds should not exceed three times the height of the cribbing used.
Breaking and Breaching Operations
- Key considerations: collapse potential, material assessment, effects of cutting, and potential victims on the opposite side.
- Rectangular openings are not recommended in masonry to avoid reducing structural integrity; circular breaches are preferred.
Ladder Systems
- 12'-16' straight ladders are optimal for rescue operations.
- All ladder systems should typically utilize a rope system except for the Moving Ladder Slide.
- Anchor point positions and angles are crucial for safety and effectiveness in ladder rescues.
Raker Shores
- Used to support leaning walls by transferring lateral forces to the ground, must be installed in pairs.
- Maximum length for a vertical post in a spot shore is 10 feet, with header and sole plates capped at 3 feet.
General Considerations
- Structure collapse hazards can be mitigated by avoidance, removal, shoring, or monitoring.
- Effectiveness of materials and methods is essential for ensuring the safety of both rescuers and victims in operations.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the three main search categories in rescue systems with these flashcards. Explore the specifics of Physical Search, US&R Canine Search, and Technical Search, including their effectiveness and applications in rescue operations.