Requirements Review and Validation
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of checking and reconciling requirements?

  • To identify gaps or conflicts in the requirements documentation
  • To ensure the quality and consistency of the elicited requirements before proceeding to further phases (correct)
  • To prioritize requirements based on stakeholder feedback
  • To validate the feasibility of implementing the requirements within the project constraints

Why is it important to detect and rectify errors in the requirements at an early stage?

  • To minimize the cost of rework and changes later in the project
  • To avoid delays in the project timeline
  • To prevent propagation of errors to subsequent phases, such as technical specification, architecture, and code (correct)
  • To maintain stakeholder confidence in the project team

Which of the following activities is NOT typically part of checking and reconciling requirements?

  • Prioritizing requirements based on business value (correct)
  • Reviewing requirements against inspection criteria
  • Assessing the quality aspects of the requirements
  • Ensuring consistency and validity of the requirements

What is the role of the requirements engineer in the checking and reconciling process?

<p>To ensure the quality of the requirements and address any issues or inconsistencies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about checking and reconciling requirements is NOT true?

<p>It is a one-time activity that occurs at the end of the requirements elicitation phase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of achieving high-quality results for the requirements review process?

<p>It enables the downstream phases, such as software development, to proceed smoothly and efficiently (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'Conformity to documentation rules' process?

<p>To check if requirements are documented in accordance with current regulations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves checking if requirements are documented in the prescribed format with the intended applications?

<p>Conformity to documentation format (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'Coordination of each requirement' criterion primarily focus on?

<p>Checking if requirements have been coordinated with stakeholders post-documentation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to check for 'Coordination after changes to requirements'?

<p>To ensure that dependencies between requirements are addressed correctly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the process of 'Conflicts resolved' aim to achieve?

<p>Eliminating all known conflicts and contradictions in documented requirements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of 'Approval granted' in the software development process?

<p>Releasing requirements for implementation based on current status (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Testing Principles' involve a review that can be likened to a test with predefined goals. Which principle emphasizes involving different individuals for review and creation of requirements?

<p>'Involvement of the Right Stakeholders' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Testing Principles' aim to improve the quality of test results by adhering to specific principles. Which principle focuses on finding duplicates and inconsistencies?

<p>'Uncovering inconsistencies' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for noting the deficiencies found during the meeting?

<p>Minute-taker (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In addition to identifying deficiencies in advance, when else can quality deficiencies be identified during the meeting?

<p>During the meeting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formal version of a walkthrough called?

<p>Inspection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In perspective-based reading, how are reviewers supposed to approach evaluating requirements?

<p>By focusing on specific perspectives assigned to them (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who should read from specific role perspectives when using perspective-based reading?

<p>Reviewers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique can be used in combination with a review or walkthrough according to the text?

<p>Perspective-based reading (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of repeated testing of requirements in a software project?

<p>To identify dependencies between individual requirements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario best describes the 'informal opinion' review technique?

<p>The document is evaluated by an independent person without specified review targets (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of testing techniques for requirements in a software project?

<p>Static analysis of the test object (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a 'walkthrough' review technique, what is the purpose of assigning roles such as author, reviewer, and recorder?

<p>To facilitate discussion and evaluation of identified defects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Principle Six, why is the amount of documented requirements subject to change during a software project?

<p>As dependencies between requirements are only recognized later (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is achieving complete error-free quality assurance of requirements not economically sensible?

<p>To save time and resources for other project activities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'statement' review technique entail?

<p>Feedback provided by a test engineer to improve requirements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Walkthrough' sessions involve which of the following steps?

<p>Individual checks by reviewers with note-taking on deficiencies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does Principle Six highlight that a meaningful sequence of core activities cannot be planned at the beginning of a project?

<p>Because stakeholders lack knowledge at initial stages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic defines testing techniques for requirements in a software project according to the text?

<p>Techniques for analyzing static aspects of test objects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an advantage of carefully checking requirements early in software development?

<p>Reducing legal risks related to compliance issues (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to have a coordination process for selecting requirements?

<p>To resolve contradictions and conflicts in requirements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of defining review criteria before conducting a review?

<p>To determine the relevant criteria based on project specifics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of requirements engineering, what is the consequence of having conflicting requirements from different stakeholders?

<p>Creation of a conflict situation within the project (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are conflict management tools necessary in requirements engineering?

<p>To resolve conflicts while maintaining stakeholder cooperation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the requirements engineer play in the creation of review criteria?

<p>Defining relevant review criteria for the review process (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity involves selecting review principles and techniques in the reviewing process?

<p>Selecting review principles and review techniques (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can result from changing system requirements during a project?

<p>Conflict due to differences in understanding or responsibilities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to plan an organizational audit after finalizing technical preparation?

<p>To ensure an organized approach to the audit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of coordination processes in requirements engineering?

<p>Achieving a common understanding of requirements among stakeholders (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of conducting an audit in requirements engineering?

<p>To reconcile contradictory statements and manage conflicts. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between a review and testing in the context of requirements engineering?

<p>A review is a manual examination, while testing is performed on software or executable systems. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the quality aspects used to structure the set of review criteria in requirements engineering?

<p>Complexity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the INVEST mnemonic used in Prince2, which of the following is NOT a criterion for a well-written user story?

<p>Comprehensive (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'Completeness of individual requirements' criterion in requirements engineering?

<p>To check if all necessary information for describing a specific requirement is available. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the 'Necessity of requirements' criterion is NOT true?

<p>It evaluates if the requirement is necessary for the current phase of the project. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason given in the text for not being able to conduct a complete examination of requirements according to all conceivable criteria?

<p>The effort involved would not be economically reasonable in relation to the benefit. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the INVEST mnemonic used in Prince2 is correct?

<p>It is used to check the quality of a well-written user story. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'Completeness of all requirements' criterion in requirements engineering?

<p>To determine if the set of documented requirements includes all relevant requirements for the system. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the requirements management procedures ensure regarding the 'Necessity of requirements' criterion?

<p>Both A and B. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using an external auditor or reviewer mentioned in the text?

<p>They can contribute additional requirements and higher quality review. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic idea behind the principle of 'Separation of Fault Detection from Fault Correction'?

<p>To document defects during the inspection and only assess and consolidate them afterwards. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'Testing and Reviewing from Different Perspectives' principle mentioned in the text?

<p>To ensure that the documented requirements are viewed and analyzed from as many different viewpoints as possible. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a typical use case for the 'Appropriate Change of Documentation Form' principle?

<p>Verifying processes described as text by transferring them to a process model or UML activity diagram. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the 'Construction of Development Artifacts' principle mentioned in the text?

<p>To directly check the usability of the documented requirements in the downstream phases of the software process. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the reasons mentioned in the text for involving an external auditor or reviewer?

<p>They can contribute additional requirements and review with higher quality. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential issue with having an internal auditor or reviewer?

<p>They may be influenced by company internal groups, therefore the review may not be independent. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of asking internal employees to review or test at an early stage, as mentioned in the text?

<p>It allows for an early revision and the chance of discovering errors before involving an external reviewer. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'Separation of Fault Detection from Fault Correction' principle mentioned in the text?

<p>To concentrate exclusively on the documentation of defects during the inspection and not their immediate correction. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a typical example given in the text for the 'Appropriate Change of Documentation Form' principle?

<p>Verifying a process described in text form by transferring it to a UML activity diagram. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of checking the 'traceability' of requirements?

<p>To track changes and dependencies between requirements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of maintaining a 'traceability matrix' for requirements?

<p>To determine the completeness of the requirements and their relationships (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of checking the 'adequacy' of requirements?

<p>To verify that the requirements match the stakeholders' original intentions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of checking the 'consistency' of requirements?

<p>To verify that the requirements can be fulfilled without contradictions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of having 'atomic' and indivisible requirements?

<p>It makes it easier to administer and incorporate changes to individual features (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of 'connected requirements' that form a 'molecule'?

<p>To make it easier to identify dependencies between requirements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using 'pre-requirements' and 'post-requirements' for traceability?

<p>To help the requirements engineer follow up or roll back any changes to requirements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main reasons why maintaining a traceability matrix is often not done in practice?

<p>It is too time-consuming and error-prone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using 'lean traceability' tools like objectiF RPM?

<p>To use most of the advantages of traceability with minimum maintenance effort (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be checked to ensure that the requirements do not impose unnecessary technical restrictions?

<p>Detailed specifications for internal technical processes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect must be checked to verify if each requirement solves a business problem or fulfills a purpose?

<p>Domain-oriented problem identification (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be ensured to create test cases for acceptance tests from the requirement documentation?

<p>Creating verifiable acceptance criteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which criterion examines whether requirements have been documented in the correct place?

<p>Conformity to the document structure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should technical restrictions on input fields, like character limits, be scrutinized critically?

<p>To identify dependencies concealed by old implementations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of checking if criteria for correctness after implementation are defined in the acceptance test?

<p>To ensure requirements can be checked post-implementation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect should be verified to ensure that each abbreviation is described in the glossary?

<p>Comprehensibility of the text (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial to check if formulated text can be understood by readers?

<p>To ensure correct interpretation without ambiguity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does checking for ambiguities in terms aim to prevent?

<p>Incorrect use of technical terms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of testing techniques for requirements in a software project?

<p>Static analysis of the test object (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it not economically sensible to aim for completely error-free quality assurance of requirements?

<p>To allow for flexibility and adaptability in requirements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of selecting an unsuitable test technique for requirements in a software project?

<p>Obtaining less useful feedback from the analysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which review technique is a person independent and uninvolved in the documentation of the requirements employed?

<p>Informal opinion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do participants take on in most commonly used review techniques for requirements?

<p>Specific roles with different tasks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using the 'informal opinion' review technique for requirements?

<p>To obtain a non-biased evaluation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Informal opinion' reviews are conducted by individuals who are:

<p>'Unbiased and independent' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should a requirements engineer focus on to reduce errors, especially when using modeling processes?

<p>Implementing rules of the method in the tool (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of interfaces can help facilitate data exchange between different tools used in a project?

<p>Representational State Transfer (REST) APIs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are open-source tools attractive in requirements engineering projects?

<p>They do not burden the project budget with additional licensing costs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key advantage of using tools that work with databases for requirements engineering tasks?

<p>Objects used in diagrams are treated as representations of one instance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for a tool in requirements engineering to have traceability capabilities?

<p>To keep track of who changed what, when, and why (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect should a requirements engineer avoid succumbing to when selecting tools for requirements engineering?

<p>Known and frequently used spreadsheets or wikis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do REST APIs and XML interfaces help in managing consistency between different tools in a project?

<p>By providing easy data exchange (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does using tools that implement method rules help reduce errors in requirements engineering?

<p>By automatically prohibiting incorrect connections (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a factual conflict characterized by?

<p>Incorrect or insufficient information among stakeholders (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can a conflict of interest manifest among stakeholders?

<p>Some fear job losses, while others want faster IT processing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a conflict of values?

<p>Individual ideals and cultural differences (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of conflict involves poor communication and disrespect?

<p>Relational conflict (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines a structural conflict?

<p>Different power or decision-making authority among parties (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key challenge in conflict resolution?

<p>Maintaining stakeholders' willingness to cooperate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of documenting conflict resolutions?

<p>Both A and B (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which strategy for conflict resolution postpones finding a solution?

<p>Postponing the solution until later (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the 'walkthrough' review technique?

<p>To have the author present and explain the requirements step-by-step to reviewers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using perspective-based reading during a review?

<p>It allows for parallelization, enabling efficient review of large documents from various viewpoints. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using checklists during a requirements review?

<p>To ensure that no important task or aspect is forgotten during the review process. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the minute-taker in a walkthrough review session?

<p>To note down the deficiencies identified during the discussion for later revision. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formal version of the 'walkthrough' review technique called?

<p>Inspection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential benefit of involving an external service provider or auditor in the requirements review process?

<p>They can provide a fresh, unbiased perspective on the requirements. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the 'statement' review technique?

<p>To have a colleague or external provider check the document for testability and mark deficiencies. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to assign specific role perspectives to reviewers when using perspective-based reading?

<p>To allow reviewers to focus on specific aspects or criteria based on their assigned role. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using prototypes to test requirements?

<p>To provide stakeholders with a detailed understanding of the determined requirements without having to construct a complete system. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of involving the software architect when analyzing requirements for contradictions?

<p>The software architect has the technical knowledge and understanding of the relationships and dependencies between requirements. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the 'Coordination of Requirements' process mentioned in the text?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main benefit of formulating specific questions on a checklist that is no longer than one page?

<p>It ensures the reviewer always has all relevant aspects in view in a clear and understandable form. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the 'Conflict Identification' step in the 'Coordination of Requirements' process?

<p>To determine if a conflict situation exists that requires further coordination and resolution. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of reusing existing checklists when creating checklists for quality assurance of requirements?

<p>It saves time and effort in creating new project-specific checklists from scratch. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of combining checklists with perspective-based reading in requirements engineering?

<p>To formulate and document specific questions for each stakeholder perspective. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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