Requirements for Ideal Root Canal Filling Material
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Questions and Answers

What is the approximate melting temperature of alpha phase Gutta Percha (GP)?

  • Unknown
  • Above 65˚C (correct)
  • At room temperature
  • Below 65˚C

    • What is the percentage of ZO powder in Gutta Percha cones?

  • 1-4%
  • 60-75% (correct)
  • 1-18%
  • 18-22%

    • What is the function of metal sulphates in Gutta Percha cones?

  • To increase the viscosity
  • To act as a plasticizer
  • To make it radio-opaque (correct)
  • To inhibit bacterial growth

    • What is the advantage of Gutta Percha?

    <p>Its dimensional stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the disadvantage of Gutta Percha?

    <p>Its lack of rigidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Gutta Flow?

    <p>A system that uses Gutta Percha powder incorporated into resin-based sealer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cooling rate of beta phase Gutta Percha?

    <p>0.5°C/h</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of waxes and resins in Gutta Percha cones?

    <p>To act as plasticizers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary requirement for an ideal root canal filling material to seal the root canal?

    <p>laterally and apically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between rubber and gutta percha?

    <p>different chemical structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the tree from which gutta percha is harvested?

    <p>Palaquium gutta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the commercial form of gutta percha?

    <p>Beta form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using gutta percha as a root canal filling material?

    <p>it is easily introduced into the canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ideal state of a root canal filling material before insertion?

    <p>sterile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of shrinkage on a root canal filling material?

    <p>it leads to canal leakage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a root canal filling material being radiopaque?

    <p>to facilitate X-ray visibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of calcium hydroxide-based sealers?

    <p>Highly soluble</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of sealer has excellent adhesion to the canal wall?

    <p>Glass ionomer-based sealers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of silicone-based sealers?

    <p>Low viscosity and excellent flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of medicated sealers?

    <p>Their dissolution breaks the seal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Guttaflo?

    <p>Cold flowable injection system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of glass ionomer-based sealers?

    <p>Difficult in retreatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of sealer is ACTIV GP?

    <p>Glass ionomer-based sealer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a category of resin sealers?

    <p>Epoxy resin sealers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of Silver Cones?

    <p>99.9% silver, 0.1% Nickel + copper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a Root Canal Sealer?

    <p>To fill the micro irregularities and minor discrepancies between the root canal wall and the core filling material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of Resilon over gutta-percha?

    <p>It provides a better coronal seal and may strengthen the root</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a requirement of an ideal Root Canal Sealer?

    <p>It should be bacteriostatic and provide a fluid tight seal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of Silver Cones?

    <p>They can corrode and cause tissue irritation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of Root Canal Sealer based on Zinc oxide and Eugenol?

    <p>Zinc oxide Eugenol based sealer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of Zinc oxide & Eugenol sealers?

    <p>They have good sealing potential and antimicrobial properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a Root Canal Sealer in terms of accessory canals?

    <p>To fill accessory canals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common disadvantage of methacrylate resin sealers like AH26?

    <p>Tooth discoloration after treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of bioceramic sealers in terms of bonding?

    <p>They contain calcium phosphate, which enhances sealer-to-root dentin bonding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the methods of sealer placement?

    <p>By coating the master gutta-percha cone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 'string out test' in testing sealer mix?

    <p>To check the sealer's ability to string out at least one inch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of methacrylate resin sealers?

    <p>They have antimicrobial properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main disadvantage of bioceramic sealers?

    <p>They are expensive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 'drop test' in testing sealer mix?

    <p>To check the sealer's ability to hold its shape for at least 12 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of bioceramic sealers in terms of physical properties?

    <p>They do not shrink on setting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Ideal Root Canal Filling Material

    • Should be easily introduced into the root canal
    • Should seal the canal laterally and apically
    • Should not shrink after being inserted
    • Should be impervious to moisture
    • Should be bacteriostatic or at least not encourage bacterial growth
    • Should be radiopaque
    • Should not stain tooth structure
    • Should not irritate periradicular tissue
    • Should be sterile, or easily and quickly sterilized, immediately before insertion

    Materials Used for Root Canal Filling

    • Semisolid materials: Gutta Percha, Resilon
    • Solid materials: Silver points
    • Cements and pastes: Sealers, MTA, Calcium phosphate, Gutta-flow

    Gutta Percha

    • A rubbery material harvested from certain trees (Palaquium gutta)
    • An isomer with rubber (same chemical formula, different chemical structure)
    • Exists in two crystalline forms: Alpha and Beta
    • Properties differ between the two forms due to difference in cooling rates
    • Beta form is most commonly used commercially
    • Composition of Gutta Percha cones:
      • Gutta Percha (18-22%)
      • ZO powder (60-75%)
      • Waxes and resins (1-4%)
      • Metal sulphates (1-18%)
    • Classified into standardized and non-standardized forms
    • Medicated Gutta Percha cones available
    • Can be used with obtura system or in syringe form (Success fil, Alphaseal)

    Advantages of Gutta Percha

    • Compactability
    • Dimensional stability
    • Inert and tissue tolerance
    • Plasticity
    • Radioopacity
    • Ease of removal from root canal

    Disadvantages of Gutta Percha

    • Lack of rigidity
    • Lack of length control
    • Lack of adhesiveness

    Silver Cones

    • Composition: 99.9% silver, 0.1% Nickel + copper
    • Advantages:
      • Rigid
      • Easily placed
      • Can be precurved
    • Disadvantages:
      • Lack of adaptation
      • Corrosion and tissue irritation
      • Can't be dissolved in organic solvents

    Resilon

    • A resin-based obturation system
    • Alternative to Gutta Percha
    • Consists of a resin core and resin sealer
    • Bonds to resin sealer, which attaches to etched root surface forming a "Monoblock"
    • Provides better coronal seal and may strengthen the root

    Root Canal Sealer

    • Definition: Material used to fill micro irregularities and minor discrepancies between the core filling material and the root canal wall
    • Functions:
      • Fills canal irregularity and minor discrepancies
      • Acts as a lubricant and aids in seating of cones
      • Fills accessory canals
      • Antimicrobial
    • Requirements of an ideal sealer:
      • Adhesive to canal wall and filling materials
      • Provides fluid-tight seal
      • Radiopaque
      • Bacteriostatic
      • Soluble in common solvents
      • Sets slowly during working time
      • Particles of powder should be very fine

    Classifications of Root Canal Sealer

    • Zinc oxide Eugenol based sealers
    • Calcium hydroxide-based sealer
    • Medicated root canal sealer
    • Glass ionomer-based sealer
    • Silicon-based sealer
    • Resin-based sealer

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    Description

    This quiz covers the ideal characteristics of a root canal filling material, as suggested by Grossman, including its ability to seal the canal, resist moisture, and more.

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