Anatomy Test 5 Question Set 1

Transmit genetic information to offspring.

Typically occurs in the ampulla of the uterine tube.

Leydig cells produce testosterone in males.

Nourish and protect developing sperm.

Meiosis I separates homologous chromosomes; Meiosis II separates sister chromatids.

Typically occurs in the ampulla of the uterine tube.

Produces estrogen and progesterone after ovulation.

Luteinizing hormone (LH) triggers ovulation.

Sweep the oocyte into the uterine tube.

Simple columnar epithelium with tubular glands.

Diploid.

Spermiogenesis.

Prophase I.

Corpus luteum.

Maintains the corpus luteum.

Embryonic period.

Ectoderm.

Provides oxygen and nutrients to the fetus.

Penetration of the corona radiata.

46 chromosomes.

Stimulates anterior pituitary LH and FSH release.

Stimulate follicular development

Inhibin.

Corpus luteum forms and secretes hormones.

Oxytocin.

Dartos muscle.

Store and mature sperm.

Vas deferens.

Slightly acidic fluid with enzymes like PSA.

Spongy (penile) urethra.

Endometrium.

Endometrial functional layer.

Transport oocytes to the uterus.

Lobules with alveoli and lactiferous ducts.

Round ligament.

Cortical reaction and zona pellucida changes.

Day 5.

Inner cell mass.

Hollow ball of cells.

Formation of primitive streak and three germ layers.

25%.

Polygenic.

Hemophilia A.

Chromosomal abnormalities and structure.

Requires two copies.

Uterine stretching.

Prolactin.

Assesses newborn health.

hCG.

Nutrient and oxygen transport to fetus.

Progesterone, secreted by the placenta, helps maintain the lining of the uterus during pregnancy.

The stage of development where organs grow and mature functionally, beginning around week 9 of gestation.

Amniotic fluid acts as a cushion, protecting the fetus from physical shocks and impacts.

Estrogen increases uterine excitability, contributing to the onset of labor.

The cervical dilation stage of labor, where the cervix opens to allow the baby to pass through.

The 'Grimace' component of the Apgar score evaluates the newborn's reflex irritability, a measure of their responsiveness to stimuli.

The foramen ovale, a hole in the fetal heart, closes after birth, separating the pulmonary and systemic circulation.

Lanugo, a fine hair covering the fetus, protects the skin during development.

Meconium, the first stool of a newborn, is formed from amniotic fluid and shed cells.

Incomplete dominance results in a phenotype that is a blend of the two parental alleles.

A heterozygous individual has one dominant and one recessive allele, represented by 'Aa'.

A male has a 50% chance of inheriting an X-linked trait from his carrier mother.

The Y chromosome, contributed by the father, determines the sex of a human embryo.

In codominance, both alleles are expressed equally and fully.

A decrease in sperm production is a common physical change in aging males.

The uterus shrinks significantly after menopause, decreasing by 50% within 15 years.

Fluctuations in LH and FSH secretion during menopause cause hot flashes due to reduced estrogen.

Connective tissue, responsible for elasticity, is most affected by reduced elasticity in aging.

Decreased estrogen levels in aging women increase the risk of developing osteoporosis.

The inner cell mass, a group of cells within the blastocyst, develops into the embryo.

The trophoblast, an outer layer of cells surrounding the blastocyst, forms the placenta.

Gastrulation forms three primary germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.

The amnion surrounds the embryo, forming a fluid-filled sac that protects and cushions it.

The chorion, an outer membrane surrounding the amnion, contributes to the formation of the placenta.

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) is produced by the placenta and maintains the corpus luteum during early pregnancy.

The ductus arteriosus, a blood vessel connecting the pulmonary artery to the aorta, closes after birth.

After childbirth, the uterus shrinks back to its normal size through a process called uterine involution.

Oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions during labor and milk ejection during breastfeeding.

The Apgar score evaluates five key parameters: heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and color.