54 Questions
Which structure moves the ovum along the uterine tube until it reaches the uterus?
Cilia
Where does fertilization usually occur?
Ampulla
Where does implantation usually occur?
Uterus
What is an ectopic pregnancy?
A fertilized ovum implants outside of the uterine cavity
Where do the testes originate during development?
Posterior wall of the abdominal cavity
What is the function of the seminiferous tubules?
Production of spermatozoa
What structure becomes the vas deferens?
Epididymis
Where do the ejaculatory ducts join together?
Prostate
What is the surgical procedure called where the vas deferens is transected and lumen sutured shut?
Vasectomy
What is the term for the twisting of the spermatic cord?
Torsion of the testis
Which of the following is the correct definition of a gamete?
A haploid cell
What is the male gamete called?
Spermatozoa
Where is the pelvic floor located?
Between the proximal parts of lower limbs
What forms the pelvic roof?
Parietal peritoneum
What is the space between the visceral and parietal cavity called?
Peritoneal cavity
Where is the rectouterine pouch located?
Between the rectum and the posterior wall of the uterus
What are the accessory reproductive organs in the female reproductive system?
Uterine tubes, uterus, vagina
What are the layers of the uterus wall?
Perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium
What happens during ovulation and menstruation?
The uterus sheds its lining
What is the correct surface anatomy of the female perineum?
Situated between the proximal parts of lower limbs
During which phase does fertilization usually occur?
Ovulation
What are the functions of the vas deferens in the male reproductive system?
The vas deferens transports sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory ducts.
What are the accessory reproductive organs in the male reproductive system?
The accessory reproductive organs in the male reproductive system include the vas deferens, prostate gland, and penis.
What is the process of fertilization in the female reproductive system?
Fertilization usually occurs in the ampulla of the uterine tube.
What is the function of the seminiferous tubules in the male reproductive system?
The seminiferous tubules are responsible for the production of spermatozoa.
What are the surgical procedures for sterilization in males and females?
In females, tubal ligation is performed where the uterine tubes are clipped, cut, or cauterized. In males, vasectomy is performed where the vas deferens is transected and lumen sutured shut.
What is the function of the ovaries in the female reproductive system?
The ovaries produce and release eggs (ova) and produce hormones such as estrogen and progesterone.
What are the three layers of the uterus wall?
The three layers of the uterus wall are the perimetrium, myometrium, and endometrium.
What is the perineum and where is it located?
The perineum is the area inferior to the pelvic floor and is situated between the proximal parts of the lower limbs.
What is the rectouterine pouch (of Douglas) and where is it located?
The rectouterine pouch is a double folding of the peritoneum between the rectum and the posterior wall of the uterus. It is the most inferior part of the peritoneal cavity in an upright female patient.
What is the pelvic floor and what is its function?
The pelvic floor is the internal wall of skeletal muscle that separates the pelvic cavity and the perineum. It supports the pelvic organs and helps control bladder and bowel movements.
What is the function of the myometrium?
The myometrium contracts to expel the unfertilized ovum during menstruation.
Where does fertilization usually occur?
Fertilization usually occurs in the ampulla of the uterine tube.
What is the function of the seminal glands?
The seminal glands produce a fluid that nourishes and protects the sperm.
What is the function of the vas deferens?
The vas deferens transports sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory ducts.
What is the surgical procedure called where the vas deferens is transected and lumen sutured shut?
The surgical procedure is called a vasectomy.
What are the primary functions of the vas deferens in the male reproductive system?
Transport sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory ducts and aid in the propulsion of sperm during ejaculation.
What is the process of sperm production in the testes?
Spermatozoa are produced in the seminiferous tubules, pass to the rete testis, and then into the head of the epididymis.
What are the accessory reproductive organs in the male reproductive system?
The accessory reproductive organs in the male reproductive system are the vas deferens, prostate gland, and penis.
What is the function of the myometrium in the female reproductive system?
The myometrium is the muscular layer of the uterus that contracts during menstruation and childbirth.
What is an ectopic pregnancy?
An ectopic pregnancy is a condition where a fertilized ovum implants outside of the uterine cavity, typically in the fallopian tube.
What is the function of the Bulbourethral gland?
Produces mucus like secretion to lubricate
What is the function of Cowper's gland in the male reproductive system?
Neutralizes acidic urine
Where does the urethra open in the male reproductive system?
Penis
Which part of the spermatic cord passes through the anterior abdominal wall to reach the pelvic cavity?
Vas deferens
What is the chronological process of sperm in the male reproductive system?
Sperm pass from the testes via the vas deferens, each vas deferens connects with the duct from a seminal gland - ejaculatory duct, and the ejaculatory ducts join together within the prostate and drain into urethra. The urethra opens at the external urethral meatus of the penis.
What is the pathway of the vas deferens in the male reproductive system?
The vas deferens passes through the anterior abdominal wall to reach the pelvic cavity.
Where do the ejaculatory ducts join together?
The ejaculatory ducts join together within the prostate.
Which of the following is the correct pathway of sperm in the male reproductive system?
Seminiferous tubules, rete testis, head of epididymis, vas deferens
Which of the following is NOT part of the spermatic cord in the male reproductive system?
Seminiferous tubules
Where are spermatozoa produced in the male reproductive system?
Seminiferous tubules
What is the process of sperm production in the male reproductive system?
The process of sperm production in the male reproductive system is called spermatogenesis.
What are the three parts of the spermatic cord?
The three parts of the spermatic cord are the vas deferens, testicular artery, and pampiniform plexus of veins.
Where are spermatozoa produced in the male reproductive system?
Spermatozoa are produced in the seminiferous tubules of the testes.
Study Notes
Introduction to the Reproductive System
Definitions
- Gamete: haploid cell
- Male gamete: spermatozoa
- Female gamete: oocyte or ovum
Anatomy of the Pelvic Cavity
- Lies within the bony pelvis, between the pelvic inlet and the pelvic outlet
- Continuous with abdominal cavity
- Pelvic floor: internal wall of skeletal muscle that separates the pelvic cavity and the perineum
- Perineum: inferior to pelvic floor, situated between the proximal parts of lower limbs
- Pelvic roof: formed by parietal peritoneum (lining of abdominal cavity)
- Peritoneal cavity: space between visceral and parietal cavity
Female Reproductive System
- Ovaries
- Accessory reproductive organs: uterine tubes, uterus, vagina
- Layers of the uterus wall: perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium
- Ovulation and menstruation:
- Ova released from ovaries into peritoneal cavity
- Ovum gathered by fimbriae into infundibulum of uterine tube
- Ovum moved along uterine tube by cilia until it reaches the uterus
- During menstruation, an unfertilized ovum is expelled by contractions of the myometrium
- Early pregnancy:
- Fertilization: usually occurs in the ampulla
- Implantation: usually occurs in the body of the uterus
- Ectopic pregnancy: fertilized ovum implants outside of the uterine cavity
Male Reproductive System
- Testes
- Accessory reproductive organs: vas deferens, prostate gland, penis
- Surface anatomy of the male perineum
- 3 cylinders of erectile tissue become filled with blood at arterial pressure during erection
- Retrovesical pouch: double folding of peritoneum located between the rectum and the bladder
Development of the Testes
- During development, testes originate on the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity
- By birth, they have descended into the scrotum through the anterior abdominal wall
Production of Spermatozoa
- Produced in the seminiferous tubules
- Sperm pass to rete testis, then into head of epididymis
- Epididymis becomes vas deferens
Spermatic Cord
- Contains: vas deferens, testicular artery, and pampiniform plexus of veins
- Sperm pass from the testes via the vas deferens (part of the spermatic cord)
- Each spermatic cord passes through the anterior abdominal wall to reach the pelvic cavity
- Each vas deferens connects with the duct from a seminal gland - ejaculatory duct
- Right and left ejaculatory ducts join together within the prostate and drain into urethra
- Urethra opens at the external urethral meatus of the penis
Sterilization
- Females: tubal litigation (uterine tubes clipped, cut or cauterized)
- Males: vasectomy (vas deferens transected and lumen sutured shut)
Test your knowledge of the reproductive system with this quiz! Learn about gametes, male and female reproductive organs, and the anatomy of the pelvic cavity. Perfect for those interested in understanding the basics of human reproduction.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
