L7. GA - Male Reproductive System
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Questions and Answers

Which structures are primarily responsible for the production of gametes in the male reproductive system?

  • Testis (correct)
  • Seminal vesicles
  • Ductus deferens
  • Prostate gland

Which statement accurately describes the functions of the seminal vesicles?

  • Regulation of testosterone levels
  • Secretion of fluid to nourish sperm (correct)
  • Production of sperm
  • Transport of sperm to the urethra

What is the primary function of the epididymis?

  • Absorption of excess fluids
  • Production of seminal fluid
  • Synthesis of hormones
  • Sperm maturation and storage (correct)

Which artery primarily supplies blood to the prostate gland?

<p>Inferior vesical artery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which anatomical feature is NOT associated with the ductus deferens?

<p>Storage of immature sperm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for the final maturation of sperm prior to ejaculation?

<p>Epididymis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary function of the prostate gland?

<p>Secretion of prostatic fluid that enhances sperm motility (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gland's secretions are primarily involved in lubricating the urethra during ejaculation?

<p>Bulbourethral gland (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the testis?

<p>Producing spermatozoa in the seminiferous tubules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is not involved in sperm transport within the male reproductive system?

<p>Seminal vesicle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Leydig cells in the testis?

<p>Producing testosterone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer covers the testis and is derived from the peritoneum?

<p>Visceral layer of tunica vaginalis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the mediastinum testis located?

<p>At the posterior region of the testis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure separates the seminal vesicles from the rectum?

<p>Rectovesical pouch (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structure is responsible for the initial development of spermatozoa?

<p>Seminiferous tubules (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the prostatic venous plexus?

<p>Between the true and false capsules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The rectovesical septum serves to separate which of the following structures?

<p>Rectum and prostate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many lobules does the testis typically consist of?

<p>200-300 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the prostate is in contact with the bladder?

<p>Base (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which zone of the prostate is most prone to benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)?

<p>Transitional zone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The urethral crest is found in which part of the prostatic urethra?

<p>Posterior portion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which arteries supply blood to the ductus deferens?

<p>Deferential artery from superior or inferior vesical (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical structure is homologous to the female uterus?

<p>Prostatic utricle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the pampiniform plexus in the male reproductive system?

<p>Cool arterial blood for sperm development (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the anterior zone of the prostate?

<p>Nonglandular and anterior to other zones (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the epididymis is located over the superior pole of the testis?

<p>Head (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the lymphatic drainage from the testes primarily lead?

<p>Lumbar/aortic nodes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the sympathetic efferents affect the testes during sexual stimulation?

<p>Engorge the testes with blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the structure of the ductus deferens?

<p>Thick smooth muscle walls with a small lumen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a varicocele, and how does it relate to male fertility?

<p>Enlargement of the pampiniform plexus vessels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary arterial supply to the prostate?

<p>Inferior vesicle artery (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does lymph from the prostate primarily drain?

<p>Internal iliac nodes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the male bladder is in direct contact with the prostate?

<p>Neck (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of innervation supplies the smooth muscle of the ductus deferens?

<p>Sympathetic from the pelvic plexus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is located posteriorly to the male bladder?

<p>Rectum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What part of the bladder may elevate to the level of the umbilicus when full?

<p>Body (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship of the fundus of the male bladder?

<p>Related to the prostate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the deep dorsal vein of the penis empty?

<p>Prostatic plexus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary muscular component of the bladder?

<p>Detrusor muscle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for keeping the ureteric orifices closed?

<p>Obliquely entering ureteric orifices (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the lymphatic drainage of the superior part of the bladder go?

<p>External iliac nodes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during childbirth that may lead to a cystocele?

<p>Tear in the pubocervical fascia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the internal urethral sphincter?

<p>Surround the internal urethral orifice (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Spermatogenesis

The production of male gametes (sperm) within the testis.

Sperm transport

The process of storing, maturing, and transporting sperm from the testes to the ejaculatory duct.

Seminal Vesicle

The structure that secretes fluids essential for sperm viability and motility.

Prostate gland

The gland responsible for secreting prostate fluid, which plays a role in sperm activation and coagulation.

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Urethra

The tube that transports urine from the bladder and semen during ejaculation.

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Bladder

The sac-like structure that stores urine before it is expelled from the body.

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Gonads

The organs primarily involved in sexual reproduction, producing gametes (sperm in males).

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Glands

The structures that secrete fluids to nourish and transport sperm.

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Rectovesical pouch

The pouch formed by the peritoneum that surrounds the bladder and part of the seminal vesicles and ductus deferens.

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Tunica albuginea

A fibrous connective tissue layer that divides the testis into compartments, called lobules.

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Sinus epididymis

The space within the tunica vaginalis where the testis resides.

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Mediastinum testis

The posterior region of the testis where blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics enter and leave.

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Seminiferous tubules

Tiny tubes where sperm cells are produced.

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Rete testis

A network of small tubes connected to the seminiferous tubules that carry sperm from the testes to the epididymis.

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Efferent ductules

Tubules that connect the rete testis to the epididymis.

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Epididymis

The structure that stores and matures sperm before it is ejaculated.

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Testicular artery

Supplies blood to the testes and epididymis, originating from the abdominal aorta.

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Cremasteric artery

Artery contributing to the blood supply of the testes and ductus deferens, branching off the inferior epigastric artery.

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Pampiniform plexus

A network of veins surrounding the testis and spermatic cord, crucial for cooling arterial blood, critical for sperm development.

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Varicocele

An enlargement of the pampiniform plexus veins, a common cause of male infertility.

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Ductus deferens

The tube that carries mature sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct, known for its thick muscular walls.

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Ampulla of the ductus deferens

The expanded portion of the ductus deferens located posterior to the bladder, where sperm is temporarily stored.

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Head of the epididymis

The part of the epididymis that joins the testis, responsible for receiving sperm from the efferent ductules.

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Detrusor Muscle

The main muscle responsible for emptying the bladder, made of smooth muscle and controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system.

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Internal Urethral Sphincter

A circular band of smooth muscle surrounding the opening of the bladder into the urethra, involuntarily controlled by the sympathetic nervous system.

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Ureteric Orifices

The point where the ureters connect to the bladder at an oblique angle, preventing backflow of urine.

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Trigone

The triangular area at the base of the bladder formed by the openings of the ureters and the urethra.

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Cystocele

A condition where the bladder bulges into the vagina due to a weakened support structure, often from childbirth.

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What is the ductus deferens?

A coiled tube extending from the epididymis to the prostatic urethra, it serves as a conduit for sperm during ejaculation.

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What is the seminal vesicle?

A pouch-like structure situated near the bladder, its primary function is to produce a fluid rich in fructose and other substances that nourish and promote sperm motility.

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What is the ejaculatory duct?

A short passage formed by the fusion of the ductus deferens and the seminal vesicle duct, transporting sperm and fluids into the urethra prior to ejaculation.

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What is the prostate gland?

The largest male accessory sex gland, it surrounds the urethra and contributes to the composition of semen by producing an alkaline fluid that neutralizes vaginal acidity, facilitating sperm survival.

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What is the ampulla of the ductus deferens?

The expanded terminal portion of the ductus deferens, located close to the seminal vesicle.

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What is the urethral crest?

A raised ridge on the posterior wall of the prostatic urethra, it serves as a landmark for the openings of the ejaculatory ducts.

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What is the seminal colliculus?

A small depression on the urethral crest, this structure marks the opening of the ejaculatory ducts into the prostatic urethra.

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What is the prostatic utricle?

A tiny pouch located within the prostate, homologous to the uterus in females, it is a non-functional remnant in males.

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What is the location of the highest prostate cancer incidence?

The area of the prostate surrounding the ejaculatory ducts, where prostate cancer is most commonly found.

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What arteries supply the prostate and seminal vesicle?

The inferior vesicle artery and middle rectal artery provide blood supply to the prostate and seminal vesicle.

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How does the deep dorsal vein of the penis drain?

The deep dorsal vein of the penis drains into the prostatic plexus, which is connected to the vesical and rectal plexuses.

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What nerves innervate the ductus deferens, prostate, and seminal vesicle?

The pelvic plexus, containing sympathetic nerve fibers, innervates the smooth muscle of the ductus deferens, prostate, and seminal vesicle.

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What is the main function of the bladder?

The bladder is a muscular bag that stores urine and can expand significantly when full.

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Where is the base of the bladder located?

The bladder's base is the posteroinferior portion, related to the vagina in females and the rectum in males.

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What ligaments support the bladder?

The pubovesical ligament in females and the puboprostatic ligament in males support the bladder.

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What is the bladder's neck?

The bladder's neck is the junction of the bladder lumen and the prostatic urethra in males, and it rests on the levator ani muscle in females.

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Study Notes

Session Learning Objectives

  • Students should accurately summarize the male reproductive system, including glands for secretion, gonads for gamete production, and ducts for transport.
  • Students should describe the peritoneal relationships of the male reproductive organs.
  • Students should describe the anatomy of the testis, including functions, external and internal features, arterial supply, venous & lymphatic drainage, and innervation.
  • Students should describe the anatomy of the epididymis, including functions, structural features, arterial supply, venous & lymphatic drainage, and innervation.
  • Students should describe the anatomy of the ductus deferens, including functions, structural features, course, and organ relationships.
  • Students should describe the anatomy of the seminal vesicles and ejaculatory ducts.
  • Students should describe the anatomy of the prostate gland, including functions, structural features, relationships, and zones.
  • Students should describe the arterial supply, venous & lymphatic drainage, and innervation of the prostate gland.
  • Students should describe the anatomy of the bladder and urethra, including structural features, relationships to other structures, arterial supply, venous & lymphatic drainage, and innervation.

Supplemental Reading

  • Gray's Anatomy for Students, 4th Edition (2020) by Drake, Vogl, Mitchell (Elsevier), Chapter 5.
  • Atlas of Human Anatomy, 7th Edition (2019) by Netter (Elsevier), Chapter 6.

Session Outline

  • Overview:
    • Glands for Secretion
    • Gonads for Gamete Production
    • Ducts for Transport
  • Peritoneal Coverings
  • Testis:
    • Functions
    • External Structure
    • Internal Structure
    • Blood Supply, Venous Drainage, Lymphatic Drainage, Innervation
  • Epididymis:
    • Functions
    • Structure
    • Blood Supply, Venous Drainage, Lymphatic Drainage, Innervation
  • Ductus Deferens:
    • Functions
    • Structure
    • Course and Relationships
  • Seminal Vesicle and Ejaculatory Duct
  • Prostate:
    • Functions
    • Parts and Relationships
    • Zones
  • Arterial Supply, Venous Drainage, Lymphatics, Innervation
  • Bladder and Urethra – Structure, Relationships, Vasculature, Lymphatics, Nerves

Additional Information

  • Blood Supply: Testicular artery, cremasteric artery, deferential artery
  • Venous Drainage: Pampiniform plexus (important for cooling arterial blood)
  • Lymphatic Drainage: Lumbar/aortic nodes
  • Innervation: Derived from aortic and renal plexuses (sympathetic efferents and visceral afferents)
  • Testis (Internal Structure): Septa, seminiferous tubules, rete testis, efferent ductules.

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HBF-III LEC 07 Gross Anatomy Male Reproductive Notes 2025 PDF

Description

Test your knowledge of the male reproductive system with this quiz covering essential structures, functions, and anatomical features. Explore topics like gamete production, blood supply, and the roles of various glands in reproduction.

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