Reproductive System and Gamete Formation
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Questions and Answers

What is the total number of chromosomes in a sperm cell and an oocyte combined for proper development?

  • 46 (correct)
  • 92
  • 47
  • 23

    • What is the primary function of the Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules?

  • To produce sperm cells
  • To regulate body temperature
  • To transport sperm out of the testes
  • To control sperm production and create the blood-testes barrier (correct)

    • What happens to the testes in cold weather or cold water?

  • They remain at the same position
  • They are pulled up closer to the body (correct)
  • They move away from the body
  • They are pushed down further into the scrotum

    • How many lobules are found in each testis?

    <p>300-400</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the blood-testes barrier created by the Sertoli cells?

    <p>To keep blood-borne substances away from the germ cells and prevent an autoimmune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why the testes are located in the scrotum, outside of the abdominal cavity?

    <p>To keep them at a cooler temperature for efficient sperm production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for one or both testes failing to descend into the scrotum prior to birth?

    <p>Cryptorchidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many chromosomes do spermatogonia have?

    <p>46</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the tightly packed mitochondria in the midpiece of the sperm?

    <p>To produce ATP to power the flagellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of semen that is made up of sperm?

    <p>5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the fluid released by the bulbourethral glands to lubricate and clean away urine residue?

    <p>Pre-ejaculate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of nitric oxide in the process of erection?

    <p>To relax muscles and allow blood to flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hormone responsible for regulating testosterone production?

    <p>Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GRH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the labia minora in the female reproductive system?

    <p>To protect the urethra and female reproductive system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which sperm cells are produced?

    <p>Spermatogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the epididymis in the male reproductive system?

    <p>To store and mature sperm cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the microorganisms present in the vagina?

    <p>To protect from pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate duration of an ovarian cycle?

    <p>28 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which the oocyte splits into multiple cells, but only one survives?

    <p>Meiosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason why mitochondrial DNA is inherited only from the mother?

    <p>Because the ovum has a lot of cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the death of multiple follicles during the ovarian cycle?

    <p>Atresia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hormone that stimulates the growth of follicles during the ovarian cycle?

    <p>FSH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure that forms from the collapsed follicle after ovulation?

    <p>Corpus luteum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cilia in the uterine tubes?

    <p>To produce a current for the oocyte to travel to the uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the phase of the menstrual cycle characterized by the regeneration of the endometrium and rising estrogen levels?

    <p>Proliferative phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the layer of the uterus that is released during the menses phase of the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Thicker functional layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the breasts in the reproductive system?

    <p>To provide milk or colostrum through lactation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the degradation of the corpus luteum in the absence of pregnancy?

    <p>Shedding of the endometrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of hormonal birth control?

    <p>Supplying a constant amount of estrogen and progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Y chromosome in the development of the male reproductive system?

    <p>To trigger the cascade of factors that differentiate the male reproductive system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of poor nutrition on puberty in females?

    <p>Increased body fat leading to earlier puberty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical age range for the growth spurt in males?

    <p>11-13 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

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