Reproductive Pathogens and Commensal Organisms

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Which of the following is a common route for pathogens to enter the reproductive tract in stallions and bulls?

Gastrointestinal tract

Nervous system

Respiratory tract (correct)

Urinary tract

Which of the following viruses may cause pregnancy loss in horses if the female is pregnant?

BoHV1

FeHV1

EHV1 (correct)

CaHV1

Which virus causes vesicular lesions on the penis and vulva in dogs?

CaHV1 (correct)

BoHV1

EHV3

FeHV1

Which of the following animals should be screened for Campylobacter and Trichomonas when purchasing a non-virgin?

Bulls Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following animals should undergo routine serology for diseases that affect reproduction, such as BVD, IBR, and Lepto?

Cows Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following animals should be screened for Toxoplasma and EAE by serology if they are empty or have aborted?

Ewes Signup and view all the answers

Which virus causes genital herpes in humans and may result in fetal infection via systemic infection of the dam?

Herpes simplex virus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following animals should undergo routine vaccination for EHV?

Stallions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following animals should undergo routine vaccination for CaHV1 during pregnancy?

Bitches Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following animals should undergo routine serology for FeLV and FIV?

Queens Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common mode of transmission for reproductive pathogens in females?

Via semen or vaginal secretion Signup and view all the answers

Which species can develop mating-induced endometritis?

Mare, sow, and bitch Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the contamination of the endometrium with commensal organisms post-partum?

Endometritis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of metritis in animals?

Sickness Signup and view all the answers

In which species is uterine contamination at mating most commonly seen?

Mare, sow, and bitch Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can cause endometritis without the requirement for an abnormal uterine response?

Pathogenic bacteria Signup and view all the answers

Which reproductive pathogen can cause contagious equine metritis (CEM) in mares?

Taylorella Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can cause endometritis in cows?

Bovine venereal campylobacteriosis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following species are asymptomatic carriers of reproductive pathogens?

Stallions and bulls Signup and view all the answers

Which barrier is the first line of defense against the entrance of organisms in females?

Vestibule Signup and view all the answers

Which barrier is the third line of defense against the entrance of organisms in females, unless covered with mucus?

Cervix Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the male reproductive system is normally not colonized by commensal bacteria?

Vas deferens Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of commensal organisms in controlling pathogens?

They compete with pathogens for places to live Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between commensals and pathogens?

Pathogens have aggressive tools for invasion Signup and view all the answers

Where do we find commensal organisms in the female reproductive system?

Uterus Signup and view all the answers

Where do we find commensal organisms in the male reproductive system?

Urethra Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of innate immunity in maintaining the balance of commensal bacteria in males?

Maintaining the balance of commensal bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of innate immunity in maintaining the balance of commensal bacteria in females?

Maintaining the balance of commensal bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What does the immune response in females target?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

In which species is vaccination against CaHV1 recommended during pregnancy?

Dogs Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is caused by BoHV1 in cattle and can result in vesicular lesions on the penis and vulva?

Infectious pustulovaginitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the small blister-like lesions around the reproductive tract caused by venereal pathogens?

Vesicular disease Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is caused by FeHV1 in felines and may rarely result in abortion?

Feline rhinotracheitis Signup and view all the answers

What are the common routes of transmission for reproductive pathogens in females?

Reproductive pathogens can be transmitted via semen or vaginal secretions (venereal pathogens) or via other routes such as the respiratory tract (non-venereal pathogens). Signup and view all the answers

What are the consequences of uterine contamination with commensals or pathogens?

Uterine contamination with commensals or pathogens can lead to conditions such as endometritis, metritis, pyometra, cervicitis, and vaginitis. Signup and view all the answers

Which species are at risk of developing endometritis post-mating without the requirement for an abnormal uterine response?

Mares, sows, and bitches are at risk of developing endometritis post-mating without the requirement for an abnormal uterine response. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of commensal organisms in controlling pathogens?

Commensal organisms may help control pathogens as they compete with them for places to live and they may also prime the immune system against pathogens. Signup and view all the answers

Where do we find commensal organisms in the female reproductive system?

Commensal organisms can be found in various parts of the female reproductive system, including the perineum, vulva, clitoris, vestibule, vagina, cervix, and uterus. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of innate immunity in maintaining the balance of commensal bacteria in females?

Innate immunity in females helps maintain the balance of commensal bacteria, pathogens, and any introduced bacteria, allogenic sperm, and the immunologically distinct fetus. Signup and view all the answers

Reproductive Pathogens and Commensal Organisms

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a common route for pathogens to enter the reproductive tract in stallions and bulls?

Which of the following viruses may cause pregnancy loss in horses if the female is pregnant?

Which virus causes vesicular lesions on the penis and vulva in dogs?

Which of the following animals should be screened for Campylobacter and Trichomonas when purchasing a non-virgin?

Which of the following animals should undergo routine serology for diseases that affect reproduction, such as BVD, IBR, and Lepto?

Which of the following animals should be screened for Toxoplasma and EAE by serology if they are empty or have aborted?

Which virus causes genital herpes in humans and may result in fetal infection via systemic infection of the dam?

Which of the following animals should undergo routine vaccination for EHV?

Which of the following animals should undergo routine vaccination for CaHV1 during pregnancy?

Which of the following animals should undergo routine serology for FeLV and FIV?

Which of the following is a common mode of transmission for reproductive pathogens in females?

Which species can develop mating-induced endometritis?

What is the term used to describe the contamination of the endometrium with commensal organisms post-partum?

Which of the following is a symptom of metritis in animals?

In which species is uterine contamination at mating most commonly seen?

Which of the following can cause endometritis without the requirement for an abnormal uterine response?

Which reproductive pathogen can cause contagious equine metritis (CEM) in mares?

Which of the following can cause endometritis in cows?

Which of the following species are asymptomatic carriers of reproductive pathogens?

Which barrier is the first line of defense against the entrance of organisms in females?

Which barrier is the third line of defense against the entrance of organisms in females, unless covered with mucus?

Which part of the male reproductive system is normally not colonized by commensal bacteria?

What is the role of commensal organisms in controlling pathogens?

What is the main difference between commensals and pathogens?

Where do we find commensal organisms in the female reproductive system?

Where do we find commensal organisms in the male reproductive system?

What is the role of innate immunity in maintaining the balance of commensal bacteria in males?

What is the role of innate immunity in maintaining the balance of commensal bacteria in females?

What does the immune response in females target?

In which species is vaccination against CaHV1 recommended during pregnancy?

Which disease is caused by BoHV1 in cattle and can result in vesicular lesions on the penis and vulva?

What is the term used to describe the small blister-like lesions around the reproductive tract caused by venereal pathogens?

Which disease is caused by FeHV1 in felines and may rarely result in abortion?

What are the common routes of transmission for reproductive pathogens in females?

What are the consequences of uterine contamination with commensals or pathogens?

Which species are at risk of developing endometritis post-mating without the requirement for an abnormal uterine response?

What is the role of commensal organisms in controlling pathogens?

Where do we find commensal organisms in the female reproductive system?

What is the role of innate immunity in maintaining the balance of commensal bacteria in females?

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