FARM: Reproduction: Mastitis Intro and Immunity

Which of the following is a possible way for cows to acquire mastitis?

Which of the following is NOT a potential consequence of mastitis infection in cows?

Which of the following pathogens is considered an environmental pathogen that can cause mastitis in cows?

Which of the following pathogens is considered a contagious pathogen that can cause mastitis in cows?

What is the potential outcome if a cow does not clear a mastitis infection?

What factors determine the consequences of mastitis infection in cows?

Which of the following is a potential consequence of mastitis infection in cows?

How do cows acquire mastitis?

Which of the following pathogens is considered an environmental pathogen that can cause mastitis in cows?

Which of the following pathogens is considered a contagious pathogen that can cause mastitis in cows?

What is the primary mode of transfer for viable pathogens to cause mastitis in cows?

What determines the consequences of mastitis infection in cows?

Which of the following is a potential cause of high SCC milk?

What is the primary mode of transfer for viable pathogens to cause mastitis in cows?

Which component of the mammary gland defense system is a first line of defense?

What is the aim of preventing colonisation of teat skin with bacteria?

Which of the following can compromise the teat skin defense system?

What should be done to prevent post milking teat lesions?

What are the components of the acquired immune system in the mammary gland defense system?

Which of the following is the primary function of the teat sphincter muscle?

What is the purpose of the keratin plug that forms over the teat end?

What can cause teat canal damage in cows?

Which of the following is NOT a component of the innate immune system inside the udder?

What is the primary function of lactoferrin in milk?

Which of the following is a bacteriocidal protein found in milk?

Which of the following is NOT a function of resident leucocytes in the udder?

What is the primary function of the acquired immune system in the mammary gland defense system?

Which of the following is NOT an antimicrobial substance found in milk?

What is the primary function of lactoperoxidase in milk?

Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of teat end hyperkeratosis?

What is the primary aim of using teat sealants at drying off?

Which of the following is the correct order of events in neutrophil function?

Which type of lymphocytes circulate through the lymphatic system and are exposed to antigens in tissue fluids?

Which type of antibody is produced by B lymphocytes during the initial immune response?

Which type of antibody is produced by B lymphocytes after repeated exposure to antigens?

Which type of lymphocytes present antigens to T lymphocytes?

Which type of T cells stimulate the immune response by producing cytokines following antigen recognition?

Which of the following factors is NOT known to affect mammary gland immunity?

Which breed is known to have lower somatic cell count (SCC) and clinical mastitis frequency compared to Holstein?

Which of the following is NOT a trait currently used for selecting genetic resistance to mastitis?

What is the potential consequence of having a low somatic cell count (SCC) in cows?

What is the primary function of lactoferrin in milk?

What can compromise the teat skin defense system in cows?

What is the primary function of the teat sphincter muscle in cows?

Which vitamin deficiency can result in slow migration and weaker activity of leucocytes?

What is the primary consequence of Sub-acute Rumen Acidosis (SARA) in cows?

Which vaccine is authorized in the U.K. for mastitis protection and reduces the incidence and severity of clinical mastitis?

Which pathogen is Startvac vaccine designed to protect against?

What is the primary aim of using teat sealants at drying off?

Which pathogen is included in UBAC vaccination but has little efficacy information available in the U.K.?

What is a potential consequence of mastitis infection in cows?

Which mineral deficiency can lead to hypocalcaemia in cows?

Which component of the mammary gland defense system is a first line of defense against mastitis?

Which stage of lactation is associated with a high risk of acquiring new mastitis infections?

During the dry period, why do existing bacterial infections persist despite the use of long-acting antibiotics at drying off?

Which immune cells have reduced phagocytic function in peri-parturient cows?

What is the primary reason for the impaired function of neutrophils in the early dry period?

What is the primary reason for the reduced neutrophil recruitment and phagocytic ability in the periparturient period?

What is the primary reason for the reduced phagocytic function of macrophages in peri-parturient cows?

What is the primary reason for the formation of a keratin plug at the teat end during the dry period?

What is the primary function of lactoferrin in milk?