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Questions and Answers
What is the main goal of uterine fibroid management?
What is the main goal of uterine fibroid management?
What type of surgery is used to remove fibroids while leaving the uterus in place?
What type of surgery is used to remove fibroids while leaving the uterus in place?
What is the purpose of the fallopian tube in the reproductive process?
What is the purpose of the fallopian tube in the reproductive process?
What is salpingitis?
What is salpingitis?
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What is the result of myomectomy?
What is the result of myomectomy?
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What is the purpose of hormone therapy (GnRH) in treating uterine fibroids?
What is the purpose of hormone therapy (GnRH) in treating uterine fibroids?
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What is the role of the ampulla in the fallopian tube?
What is the role of the ampulla in the fallopian tube?
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What is the main reason for performing a hysterectomy?
What is the main reason for performing a hysterectomy?
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What is the purpose of drug therapy in treating uterine fibroids?
What is the purpose of drug therapy in treating uterine fibroids?
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What is the location of the fallopian tube?
What is the location of the fallopian tube?
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Study Notes
Course Objectives
- Explain diagnostic and treatment procedures in management of patients with gynaecological conditions
- Participate in the care of patients with gynaecological conditions
- Provide information and counsel on STIs and HIV
Description of the Vulva
- The vulva is the outer part of the female genitals
- Components of the vulva include the labia majora (outer lips), labia minora (inner lips), clitoris, and opening of the urethra and vagina
Vulval Inflammation
- Inflammation of the vulva area characterized by swelling, redness, tenderness, and warmth to touch
- Causes: sex, allergic reactions, pregnancy, yeast infection
- Management: personal and perineal hygiene, positioning, anti-fungal cream, oral antibiotics, etc.
Vulva Irritation
- Characterized by itching, burning, or discomfort of the vulva area
- Skin of the vulva is delicate and susceptible to various conditions
- Irritation can affect a small part or the entire vulva
- If left untreated, can lead to discomfort, worry, and serious complications
- Prompt investigation and treatment are essential
Investigations
- Hysterosalpingogram (HSG): a special type of X-ray that uses an iodine-based dye injected through the cervix
- Laparoscopy: a minor surgical procedure to view the length of the tube
- General examination: check for localized tenderness and enlarged lymph glands on pelvic examination
Management of Vulva Irritation
- Oral or intravenous antibiotics to fight bacterial infection
- Sex partners may also require antibiotics and testing for STIs
- Surgery may be required to remove damaged areas or drain fluid from fallopian tubes
Complications of Vulva Irritation
- Spread of infection to other areas of the body, including uterus and ovaries
- Long-term pelvic and abdominal pain
- Tubal scarring
- Adhesions
- Blockages
- Infertility
- Abscesses in the fallopian tubes
- Ectopic pregnancy
Abnormalities of Fallopian Tube
- Normal length: 7-12 cm, diameter less than 1 cm
- Abnormalities: long tube (more than 12 cm), short tube (less than 7 cm), cul de sac (closed at one end), fallopian tube agenesis (absence of one or both fallopian tubes)
Ectopic Pregnancy
- Occurs when a fertilized ovum implants outside the normal uterine cavity
- Common cause of morbidity and mortality in women of reproductive age
- Risk factors: damage or distortion of the fallopian tube, fibroids on the outside of the uterus
Management of Ectopic Pregnancy
- Treatment tailored to the size and location of the tumors, patient's age, symptoms, desire to maintain fertility, and access to treatment
- Goals of treatment: relief of signs and symptoms, sustained reduction of tumor size, maintenance of fertility, avoidance of harm
Management of Fibroids
- Drug therapy: hormonal contraceptives, tranexamic acid, NSAIDs, hormone therapy (GnRH)
- Surgical management: myomectomy (surgical removal of fibroids while leaving the uterus in place), hysterectomy (removal of the uterus)
Fallopian Tube Abnormalities
- Inflammation, abnormalities: long and short tube, cul-de-sac in the tube, absence, ectopic pregnancy, salpingitis (inflammation of the fallopian tubes)
Salpingitis
- Inflammation of the fallopian tubes
- Type of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
- PID refers to an infection of the reproductive organs
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Description
This quiz covers the diagnosis, treatment, and care of patients with gynaecological conditions, as well as STIs and HIV. It is part of the NSC 329 course on Reproductive Health.
