Reproductive Cycles: Menstrual and Ovarian Cycle
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Questions and Answers

During which phase of the menstrual cycle do estrogen and progesterone levels decrease?

  • Luteal phase (correct)
  • Menstrual phase
  • Ovulation phase
  • Follicular phase
  • Where does fertilization, the union of the egg and sperm cell, typically occur?

  • Fallopian tube (correct)
  • Ovary
  • Uterus
  • Cervix
  • Which sexually transmitted disease (STD) is caused by the herpes simplex virus - 2 (HSV-2)?

  • AIDS
  • Gonorrhea
  • Herpes (correct)
  • Syphilis
  • Where do sperm cells develop for 2-3 months before leaving the epididymis?

    <p>Testis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called where about 200 million sperm cells are carried out of the penis?

    <p>Ejaculation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which STD is caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

    <p>Gonorrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the corpus luteum during the ovarian cycle?

    <p>It secretes both estrogen and progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase does the follicle rupture to release the mature egg cell from the ovary?

    <p>Ovulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of estrogen in the ovarian cycle?

    <p>Aiding in the growth of the corpus luteum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if fertilization does not occur in the ovarian cycle?

    <p>The production of progesterone slows down and stops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When do levels of estrogen and progesterone increase to thicken the uterine lining?

    <p>After ovulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the release of FSH and LH into the blood during the ovarian cycle?

    <p>Maturation of the follicle and egg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland releases FSH and LH into the blood during the ovarian cycle?

    <p>Pituitary gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average length of the follicular phase in the ovarian cycle?

    <p>14</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does FSH and LH trigger during the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle?

    <p>Production of estrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is enclosed inside a follicle in an ovary?

    <p>Immature egg cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At the end of the ovarian and menstrual cycles, estrogen and progesterone levels will ______

    <p>decrease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The mixture of the sperm cells and fluid is transferred to the ______

    <p>urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fertilization is the union of the egg and ______ cell that gives rise to a unique offspring

    <p>sperm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Syphilis, Gonorrhea, Herpes, and AIDS are common ______

    <p>STDs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process where about 200 million sperm cells are carried out of the penis is called ______

    <p>ejaculation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is ______

    <p>incurable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ovarian cycle involves the ovary and prepares the egg for maturation. It spans about 28 days. There are __________ phases of an ovarian cycle.

    <p>three</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The anterior pituitary gland releases FSH and LH into the blood, triggering the production of __________, a sex hormone that aids in the growth of the follicle.

    <p>estrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ovulation is the release of an _________ (mature egg cell) from the ovary.

    <p>ovum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The LH causes the cells of the ruptured follicle to grow, forming a _________ (a yellowish mass of follicular cells that function like an endocrine gland).

    <p>corpus luteum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the menstrual cycle, increased levels of estrogen and progesterone cause the uterine lining to thicken to become conducive for a fertilized ________.

    <p>ovum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If fertilization doesn't occur, estrogen and progesterone levels decrease causing the uterine lining to ________.

    <p>shed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The shedding of the uterine lining marks the end of the ________ cycle.

    <p>menstrual</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ________ cycle happens in the uterus to prepare for a fertilized egg.

    <p>menstrual</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The LH causes the corpus luteum to secrete both estrogen and ________.

    <p>progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Grooms the uterus for possible implantation and pregnancy. Controlled by changing levels of estrogen and progesterone during the ________ cycle.

    <p>ovarian</p> Signup and view all the answers

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