Reproductive Cycles: Menstrual and Ovarian Cycle
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Questions and Answers

During which phase of the menstrual cycle do estrogen and progesterone levels decrease?

  • Luteal phase (correct)
  • Menstrual phase
  • Ovulation phase
  • Follicular phase

Where does fertilization, the union of the egg and sperm cell, typically occur?

  • Fallopian tube (correct)
  • Ovary
  • Uterus
  • Cervix

Which sexually transmitted disease (STD) is caused by the herpes simplex virus - 2 (HSV-2)?

  • AIDS
  • Gonorrhea
  • Herpes (correct)
  • Syphilis

Where do sperm cells develop for 2-3 months before leaving the epididymis?

<p>Testis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called where about 200 million sperm cells are carried out of the penis?

<p>Ejaculation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which STD is caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

<p>Gonorrhea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the corpus luteum during the ovarian cycle?

<p>It secretes both estrogen and progesterone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase does the follicle rupture to release the mature egg cell from the ovary?

<p>Ovulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of estrogen in the ovarian cycle?

<p>Aiding in the growth of the corpus luteum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if fertilization does not occur in the ovarian cycle?

<p>The production of progesterone slows down and stops (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When do levels of estrogen and progesterone increase to thicken the uterine lining?

<p>After ovulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the release of FSH and LH into the blood during the ovarian cycle?

<p>Maturation of the follicle and egg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gland releases FSH and LH into the blood during the ovarian cycle?

<p>Pituitary gland (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average length of the follicular phase in the ovarian cycle?

<p>14 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does FSH and LH trigger during the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle?

<p>Production of estrogen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is enclosed inside a follicle in an ovary?

<p>Immature egg cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At the end of the ovarian and menstrual cycles, estrogen and progesterone levels will ______

<p>decrease</p> Signup and view all the answers

The mixture of the sperm cells and fluid is transferred to the ______

<p>urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fertilization is the union of the egg and ______ cell that gives rise to a unique offspring

<p>sperm</p> Signup and view all the answers

Syphilis, Gonorrhea, Herpes, and AIDS are common ______

<p>STDs</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process where about 200 million sperm cells are carried out of the penis is called ______

<p>ejaculation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is ______

<p>incurable</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ovarian cycle involves the ovary and prepares the egg for maturation. It spans about 28 days. There are __________ phases of an ovarian cycle.

<p>three</p> Signup and view all the answers

The anterior pituitary gland releases FSH and LH into the blood, triggering the production of __________, a sex hormone that aids in the growth of the follicle.

<p>estrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ovulation is the release of an _________ (mature egg cell) from the ovary.

<p>ovum</p> Signup and view all the answers

The LH causes the cells of the ruptured follicle to grow, forming a _________ (a yellowish mass of follicular cells that function like an endocrine gland).

<p>corpus luteum</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the menstrual cycle, increased levels of estrogen and progesterone cause the uterine lining to thicken to become conducive for a fertilized ________.

<p>ovum</p> Signup and view all the answers

If fertilization doesn't occur, estrogen and progesterone levels decrease causing the uterine lining to ________.

<p>shed</p> Signup and view all the answers

The shedding of the uterine lining marks the end of the ________ cycle.

<p>menstrual</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ________ cycle happens in the uterus to prepare for a fertilized egg.

<p>menstrual</p> Signup and view all the answers

The LH causes the corpus luteum to secrete both estrogen and ________.

<p>progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

Grooms the uterus for possible implantation and pregnancy. Controlled by changing levels of estrogen and progesterone during the ________ cycle.

<p>ovarian</p> Signup and view all the answers

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