Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which hormone is responsible for inducing ovulation by LH stimulation?
Which hormone is responsible for inducing ovulation by LH stimulation?
- Androgens (correct)
- Inhibin
- Estrogen
- Progesterone
In the female estrous cycle, which phase is characterized by luteolysis of the corpus luteum?
In the female estrous cycle, which phase is characterized by luteolysis of the corpus luteum?
- New estrous phase
- Follicular growth phase
- Diestrus (correct)
- Secretion of oxytocin phase
Which hormone is primarily responsible for 'closing' the receptors of oxytocin in the endometrium?
Which hormone is primarily responsible for 'closing' the receptors of oxytocin in the endometrium?
- Estrogen
- Androgens
- Inhibin
- Progesterone (correct)
During which phase of the female estrous cycle does FSH release remain unaffected?
During which phase of the female estrous cycle does FSH release remain unaffected?
What is the main role of inhibin in granulosa cells of women?
What is the main role of inhibin in granulosa cells of women?
What is the main function of inhibin in the male reproductive system?
What is the main function of inhibin in the male reproductive system?
How does LH contribute to androgen production in the male reproductive system?
How does LH contribute to androgen production in the male reproductive system?
What is the primary role of estrogen in the seminiferous tubules of the male reproductive system?
What is the primary role of estrogen in the seminiferous tubules of the male reproductive system?
How does FSH affect granulosa cells in the female reproductive system?
How does FSH affect granulosa cells in the female reproductive system?
What is the consequence of decreased inhibin levels on FSH secretion?
What is the consequence of decreased inhibin levels on FSH secretion?
Which hormone is primarily responsible for maintaining a high intratubular concentration of testosterone?
Which hormone is primarily responsible for maintaining a high intratubular concentration of testosterone?
What is the function of granulosa cells in the ovary?
What is the function of granulosa cells in the ovary?
What triggers the production of androgens in the theca interna cells under LH stimulation?
What triggers the production of androgens in the theca interna cells under LH stimulation?
Which cells differentiate into luteal cells during corpus luteum formation?
Which cells differentiate into luteal cells during corpus luteum formation?
What is the main function of the corpus albicans?
What is the main function of the corpus albicans?
What is the role of Inhibin in the female reproductive system?
What is the role of Inhibin in the female reproductive system?
During ovulation induction, what factor causes the release of the oocyte?
During ovulation induction, what factor causes the release of the oocyte?
What does the primary follicle consist of?
What does the primary follicle consist of?
Which structure is filled with blood after ovulation?
Which structure is filled with blood after ovulation?
What happens to subordinate follicles when a dominant follicle develops?
What happens to subordinate follicles when a dominant follicle develops?
What is the main function of the follicular fluid?
What is the main function of the follicular fluid?
Study Notes
Female Estrous Cycle
- Inhibin protein is secreted by Sertoli cells and inhibits the synthesis and release of FSH in the pituitary gland.
- FSH release is not affected in non-pregnant females.
- Follicular growth occurs around day 14-17 after ovulation.
- Estradiol binds to "open" receptors of oxytocin in the endometrium.
- Secretion of oxytocin occurs around day 14, leading to a new estrus phase.
- PGF2α causes luteolysis of the corpus luteum (CL).
- Endometrium produces PGF2α by the stimulation of oxytocin.
Follicular Development
- Follicles go through several stages of development:
- Primordial follicle: oocyte surrounded by a single layer of squamous cells.
- Primary follicle: oocyte surrounded by a single layer of cuboidal cells.
- Secondary follicle: oocyte surrounded by two or more layers of granulosa cells and theca interna.
- Antral follicle: oocyte surrounded by multiple layers of granulosa cells and theca interna, with a fluid-filled cavity.
Hormone Regulation
- Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is present in low concentrations in postnatal males.
- Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulates the release of LH and FSH.
- Luteinizing hormone (LH) induces T4 secretion by Leydig cells.
- Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is important for Sertoli cell function.
- Testosterone (T4) is 100-500 times higher in the seminiferous tubules than in the bloodstream.
- Estradiol (E2) is produced by Sertoli cells.
- Inhibin (INH) is secreted by Sertoli cells and regulates FSH secretion.
Male Reproduction
- Leydig cells produce testosterone.
- Sertoli cells produce estradiol and inhibitin.
- Androgen-binding proteins (ABP) ensure a constant high intratubular concentration of testosterone.
- Testicular function is regulated by a negative feedback loop involving GnRH, LH, FSH, and inhibin.
- High levels of testosterone in the bloodstream can lead to infertility in males.
Testicular Function
- Testicular function is regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis.
- GnRH stimulates the release of LH and FSH.
- LH stimulates the production of testosterone by Leydig cells.
- FSH stimulates the production of inhibin by Sertoli cells.
- Inhibin regulates FSH secretion and prevents excessive testosterone production.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the non-pregnant female reproductive physiology focusing on the estrous cycle, inhibin protein, FSH and LH release, and hormone production.
