Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the function of the epididymis in the male reproductive system?
What is the function of the epididymis in the male reproductive system?
During ovulation, what is released from the ovary?
During ovulation, what is released from the ovary?
What is the purpose of the prostate gland in the male reproductive system?
What is the purpose of the prostate gland in the male reproductive system?
What is the name given to the fertilized egg cell?
What is the name given to the fertilized egg cell?
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During puberty, what change occurs in males?
During puberty, what change occurs in males?
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What is the name of the passage through which urine and semen pass?
What is the name of the passage through which urine and semen pass?
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What is the purpose of the seminal vesicle in the male reproductive system?
What is the purpose of the seminal vesicle in the male reproductive system?
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How long does the process of puberty typically last?
How long does the process of puberty typically last?
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What is a characteristic of sexual reproduction?
What is a characteristic of sexual reproduction?
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Which method of asexual reproduction involves the breakdown of an organism's body into fragments that grow into new individuals?
Which method of asexual reproduction involves the breakdown of an organism's body into fragments that grow into new individuals?
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What is the function of the cervix in the female reproductive system?
What is the function of the cervix in the female reproductive system?
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Which hormone stimulates the rebuilding of the uterus wall during the menstrual cycle?
Which hormone stimulates the rebuilding of the uterus wall during the menstrual cycle?
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What is the primary function of the uterus in the female reproductive system?
What is the primary function of the uterus in the female reproductive system?
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What is the name of the tube that receives the egg from the ovary in the female reproductive system?
What is the name of the tube that receives the egg from the ovary in the female reproductive system?
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What is the name of the hormone that completes the development of the uterus wall during the menstrual cycle?
What is the name of the hormone that completes the development of the uterus wall during the menstrual cycle?
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What happens during Stage 1 of the menstrual cycle?
What happens during Stage 1 of the menstrual cycle?
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Study Notes
Sexual and Asexual Reproduction
- Sexual reproduction requires two parents, is slower than asexual reproduction, and results in genetic diversity
- Asexual reproduction involves a single parent, producing identical offspring that are genetic clones
Methods of Asexual Reproduction
- Binary Fission: a single parent cell divides into two daughter cells
- Budding: a parent cell produces a bud that detaches and develops
- Spore Formation: spores are spread and develop into new individuals under the right conditions
- Regeneration: an organism's body breaks up and develops into new individuals
- Fragmentation: organisms break into fragments that grow into new individuals
- Vegetative Reproduction: new individuals are produced through plants
Female Reproductive System
- Oviduct: receives the egg from the ovary
- Ovary: produces mature ova and hormones like progesterone and oestrogen
- Uterus: a hollow muscular organ where the blastocyst implants and develops for 38-40 weeks
- Cervix: holds the foetus in the uterus
- Urethra: passes urine from the bladder to the outside
Female Reproductive Hormones (Menstrual Cycle)
- FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone): stimulates an egg cell to develop
- Oestrogen: stimulates the rebuilding of the uterus wall
- LH (Luteinizing Hormone): stimulates the follicle to burst and release the ovum
- Progesterone: completes the development of the uterus wall
Menstrual Cycle
- Stage 1 (Day 1-7): beginning of the cycle, uterus lining comes away and exits as blood through the vagina
- Stage 2 (Day 7-13): blood flow stops, uterus lining begins to build up again, and an egg starts to mature
- Stage 3 (Day 14): an egg is released into the oviduct
- Stage 4 (Day 14-17): the egg has a 3-day expiry date and travels down to the oviduct in hopes of getting fertilized
- Stage 5 (Day 18-28): if not fertilized, the uterus wall starts to break down
Male Reproductive System
- Testes: produce sperm and testosterone
- Scrotum: a pouch of skin that holds the testes away from the rest of the body
- Epididymis: a long tube that stores sperm
- Penis: releases the sperm
- Erectile Tissue: contracts when the male is sexually aroused
- Seminal Vesicle: adds fluid to sperm for semen
- Prostate Gland: same but for the sperm to swim
- Vas Deferens: transports sperm from the epididymis to the urethra of the penis
- Urethra: passes urine from the bladder and semen to the outside of the body
Sexual Reproduction Amongst Humans
- Once a month, the egg cell is released from the ovary (ovulation)
- The egg cell moves into the oviduct
- Many sperm are deposited into the vagina during intercourse
- A single sperm meets the egg cell in the oviduct and fertilization (conception) takes place
- The fused cell is named the zygote
- The zygote divides into two through mitosis to form an embryo
- The embryo embeds itself into the uterus wall and develops further
- Placenta forms around the embryo and maternal blood vessels in the uterus wall
- Cells divide and form tissues and organs
- The individual is termed the foetus and then becomes a baby
Puberty
- A stage in life where an adolescent's body develops into an adult's body and secondary sex characteristics develop
- Changes take place gradually over 3-4 years due to hormones
- Men: voice deepens, muscles develop, broader chest, hair grows
- Women: breasts develop, ovaries release eggs, wider hips
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of sexual and asexual reproduction, including the characteristics of each and methods of asexual reproduction.
