Renin-Angiotensin System and Vascular Endothelial Cells

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Which of the following receptors is NOT involved in the classical renin-angiotensin system pathway?

MrgD
AT2
PRR (correct)
AT1

What is the primary function of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-1 (ACE-1)?

To cleave dipeptide units from substrates with diverse amino acid sequences (correct)
To activate bradykinin
To inhibit the activity of aminopeptidase
To convert angiotensinogen to angiotensin I

What is a characteristic of preferred substrates for Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-1 (ACE-1)?

They must have only one free carboxyl group in the carboxylterminal amino acid (correct)
They must have proline as the penultimate amino acid
They must have two free carboxyl groups in the carboxylterminal amino acid
They must have a specific amino acid sequence

What is the effect of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-1 (ACE-1) on bradykinin?

It inactivates bradykinin (D) Signup and view all the answers

Where is Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-1 (ACE-1) primarily found?

Circulating in plasma and on the surface of various cell types (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a receptor involved in the renin-angiotensin system?

AP (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary substrate for ACE-2?

Angiotensin II (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of angiotensinogen in the RAS?

It is the substrate for renin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Angiotensin (1-7) on the kidneys?

It has a natriuretic effect (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary receptor activated by Angiotensin (1-7)?

Mas receptors (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of ACE-2 on Angiotensin II plasma concentrations?

It decreases Angiotensin II plasma concentrations (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ACE-1 in the RAS?

It converts Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Angiotensin II on blood vessels?

It causes vasoconstriction (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of ACE inhibitors on the RAS?

They decrease Angiotensin II plasma concentrations (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of Angiotensin I?

A decapeptide (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of angiotensin III on blood vessels?

It causes vasoconstriction (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of angiotensin II on cardiac contractility?

It may increase, decrease, or not change cardiac contractility (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the rapid pressor response to angiotensin II?

An increase in total peripheral resistance (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the site of action for the slow pressor response to angiotensin II?

The kidneys (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of angiotensin II on the reuptake of norepinephrine?

It inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of angiotensin II on the release of catecholamines?

It stimulates the release of catecholamines (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of angiotensin II on Na+ reabsorption in the proximal tubule?

It increases Na+ reabsorption (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of angiotensin II on aldosterone secretion?

It stimulates aldosterone secretion (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of angiotensin II on renal blood flow?

It reduces renal blood flow (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the renin-angiotensin system in altered cardiovascular structure?

It contributes significantly to altered cardiovascular structure (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism by which angiotensin II contributes to cardiac hypertrophy?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers