18 Questions
What is the most common cause of acute tubular injury?
Ischaemia
Which factor contributes to reduced glomerular filtration rate in acute tubular injury?
Detachment of injured cells from the basement membrane
What morphological changes are characteristic of tubular epithelial injury in acute tubular injury?
Formation of tubular casts
Which region of the nephron is most prominently affected by nephrotoxic acute tubular injury?
Proximal convoluted tubules
What term is used to describe the presence of vacuolations in tubular epithelial cells due to solute concentration?
Osmotic stress nephropathy
What is a characteristic feature seen in morphology indicating acute tubular injury?
Presence of nuclei in necrotic tubular cells
What is the most common cause of acute kidney injury?
Muddy brown granular cast
Which condition involves inflammation of the interstitium surrounding the nephrons?
Tubulointerstitial nephritis
What is the preferred term for tubular damage that may not involve necrosis?
Acute tubular injury
How is tubulointerstitial nephritis diagnosed?
Renal biopsy showing oedema and inflammatory infiltrate
What is the primary treatment for tubulointerstitial nephritis?
Removal of the causative agent
Which cast type is commonly associated with acute tubular injury/necrosis?
Epithelial cast
What is the significance of the structure labelled 2 in the context provided?
It leads to an abnormal ascent of the kidneys
When would you consider performing renal angiography in a hypertensive patient?
Increase in serum creatinine to 1.5 times baseline within 7 days
Which scenario is classified as 'Failure' based on the RIFLE criteria for assessing renal injury severity?
GFR reduced by 50% for 12 hours
What are urinary casts as described in the text?
Cylindrical structures produced by the kidney
What could lead to an abnormal ascent of the kidneys?
Inferior mesenteric artery positioning over the isthmus
Which condition would not warrant consideration for renal angiography in hypertensive patients?
Bruit sounds on renal auscultation
Test your knowledge on disorders affecting the renal tubules and interstitium, including various types of casts and common conditions leading to acute kidney injury. Explore topics like tubulointerstitial nephritis and acute tubular injury/necrosis.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
