Renal System Physiology & Pathophysiology

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Questions and Answers

What is the chief function of the renal system?

  • Digestion of fats and proteins
  • Regulation of water & electrolyte balance (correct)
  • Transportation of oxygen to the body cells
  • Regulation of blood glucose levels

How many distinct parts form each kidney?

  • 3
  • 1
  • 4
  • 2 (correct)

What is the main site of filtration of blood in the nephron?

  • Glomerulus (correct)
  • Renal tubule
  • Bowman’s capsule
  • Efferent arteriole

Which of the following is NOT one of the chief functions of the renal system?

<p>Regulation of blood pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many nephrons are there in each kidney?

<p>~1 million (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the functional unit of the kidney?

<p>Nephron (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

<p>Secretion of renin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the renal tubule is responsible for sensing the concentration of NaCl?

<p>Distal convoluted tubule (D.C.T.) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the filterability of solutes in the glomerular membrane?

<p>Electrical charge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in an average adult?

<p>125 ml/min (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What opposes filtration in the glomerular membrane?

<p>Glomerular colloidal osmotic pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of tubular reabsorption in the kidneys?

<p>Movement of substances from tubular fluid to peritubular capillaries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the site of filtration of blood in the kidneys?

<p>Glomerulus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of basic renal processes?

<p>Formation of urine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What governs the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in the kidneys?

<p>Net Filtration Pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the renal tubule consists of three main parts: Proximal convoluted tubule (P.C.T.), Loop of Henle (L.O.H.), Distal convoluted tubule (D.C.T.)?

<p>Renal Tubule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the renal system?

<p>Regulation of water and electrolyte balance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the kidney contains the renal pyramids?

<p>Renal medulla (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the functional unit of the kidney?

<p>Nephron (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does filtration of blood occur in the kidney?

<p>Glomerulus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

<p>Regulation of blood pressure and filtration rate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many nephrons are approximately present in each kidney?

<p>~ 1 million nephrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in the average adult?

<p>180 ml/min (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What opposes filtration in the glomerular membrane?

<p>Glomerular colloidal osmotic pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the filterability of solutes in the glomerular membrane?

<p>The size of molecules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the renal tubule is responsible for sensing the concentration of NaCl?

<p>Distal convoluted tubule (D.C.T.) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

<p>Regulating Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main site of filtration of blood in the nephron?

<p>Bowman’s capsule (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of basic renal processes?

<p>Reabsorb and secrete substances (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What opposes Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in the kidneys?

<p>Plasma proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Tubular fluid" is modified by which processes in the kidneys?

<p>Reabsorption and secretion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Loop of Henle (L.O.H.) in the renal tubule?

<p>Reabsorbing water and salts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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