32 Questions
What is the chief function of the renal system?
Regulation of water & electrolyte balance
How many distinct parts form each kidney?
2
What is the main site of filtration of blood in the nephron?
Glomerulus
Which of the following is NOT one of the chief functions of the renal system?
Regulation of blood pressure
How many nephrons are there in each kidney?
~1 million
What is the functional unit of the kidney?
Nephron
What is the function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
Secretion of renin
Which part of the renal tubule is responsible for sensing the concentration of NaCl?
Distal convoluted tubule (D.C.T.)
What determines the filterability of solutes in the glomerular membrane?
Electrical charge
What is the normal Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in an average adult?
125 ml/min
What opposes filtration in the glomerular membrane?
Glomerular colloidal osmotic pressure
What is the function of tubular reabsorption in the kidneys?
Movement of substances from tubular fluid to peritubular capillaries
What is the site of filtration of blood in the kidneys?
Glomerulus
What is the purpose of basic renal processes?
Formation of urine
What governs the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in the kidneys?
Net Filtration Pressure
Which part of the renal tubule consists of three main parts: Proximal convoluted tubule (P.C.T.), Loop of Henle (L.O.H.), Distal convoluted tubule (D.C.T.)?
Renal Tubule
What is the main function of the renal system?
Regulation of water and electrolyte balance
Which part of the kidney contains the renal pyramids?
Renal medulla
What is the functional unit of the kidney?
Nephron
Where does filtration of blood occur in the kidney?
Glomerulus
What is the purpose of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
Regulation of blood pressure and filtration rate
How many nephrons are approximately present in each kidney?
~ 1 million nephrons
What is the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in the average adult?
180 ml/min
What opposes filtration in the glomerular membrane?
Glomerular colloidal osmotic pressure
What determines the filterability of solutes in the glomerular membrane?
The size of molecules
Which part of the renal tubule is responsible for sensing the concentration of NaCl?
Distal convoluted tubule (D.C.T.)
What is the function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
Regulating Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
What is the main site of filtration of blood in the nephron?
Bowman’s capsule
What is the purpose of basic renal processes?
Reabsorb and secrete substances
What opposes Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in the kidneys?
Plasma proteins
"Tubular fluid" is modified by which processes in the kidneys?
Reabsorption and secretion
What is the function of Loop of Henle (L.O.H.) in the renal tubule?
Reabsorbing water and salts
Test your knowledge of the chief functions of the renal system, including the regulation of water and electrolyte balance, acid and base balance, and excretion of waste products. Presented by Rana S. EL-Bakry, Consultant & Instructor of Pharmacology & Toxicology.
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