Renal System Physiology & Pathophysiology
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Questions and Answers

What is the chief function of the renal system?

  • Digestion of fats and proteins
  • Regulation of water & electrolyte balance (correct)
  • Transportation of oxygen to the body cells
  • Regulation of blood glucose levels

    • How many distinct parts form each kidney?

  • 3
  • 1
  • 4
  • 2 (correct)

    • What is the main site of filtration of blood in the nephron?

  • Glomerulus (correct)
  • Renal tubule
  • Bowman’s capsule
  • Efferent arteriole

    • Which of the following is NOT one of the chief functions of the renal system?

    <p>Regulation of blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many nephrons are there in each kidney?

    <p>~1 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the functional unit of the kidney?

    <p>Nephron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

    <p>Secretion of renin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the renal tubule is responsible for sensing the concentration of NaCl?

    <p>Distal convoluted tubule (D.C.T.)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the filterability of solutes in the glomerular membrane?

    <p>Electrical charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in an average adult?

    <p>125 ml/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What opposes filtration in the glomerular membrane?

    <p>Glomerular colloidal osmotic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of tubular reabsorption in the kidneys?

    <p>Movement of substances from tubular fluid to peritubular capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the site of filtration of blood in the kidneys?

    <p>Glomerulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of basic renal processes?

    <p>Formation of urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What governs the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in the kidneys?

    <p>Net Filtration Pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the renal tubule consists of three main parts: Proximal convoluted tubule (P.C.T.), Loop of Henle (L.O.H.), Distal convoluted tubule (D.C.T.)?

    <p>Renal Tubule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the renal system?

    <p>Regulation of water and electrolyte balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the kidney contains the renal pyramids?

    <p>Renal medulla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the functional unit of the kidney?

    <p>Nephron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does filtration of blood occur in the kidney?

    <p>Glomerulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

    <p>Regulation of blood pressure and filtration rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many nephrons are approximately present in each kidney?

    <p>~ 1 million nephrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in the average adult?

    <p>180 ml/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What opposes filtration in the glomerular membrane?

    <p>Glomerular colloidal osmotic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the filterability of solutes in the glomerular membrane?

    <p>The size of molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the renal tubule is responsible for sensing the concentration of NaCl?

    <p>Distal convoluted tubule (D.C.T.)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

    <p>Regulating Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main site of filtration of blood in the nephron?

    <p>Bowman’s capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of basic renal processes?

    <p>Reabsorb and secrete substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What opposes Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in the kidneys?

    <p>Plasma proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Tubular fluid" is modified by which processes in the kidneys?

    <p>Reabsorption and secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Loop of Henle (L.O.H.) in the renal tubule?

    <p>Reabsorbing water and salts</p> Signup and view all the answers

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