Renal Physiology and Drug Excretion Quiz

What is the definition of absolute bioavailability (Fabs)?

Fabs = (AUC non-IV/AUC IV) × (Dose IV/Dose non-IV)

What is the formula used to calculate the adjusted daily dose of a drug that is eliminated exclusively by the kidneys?

Adjusted daily dose = (X0)NR * Patient's creatinine clearance / Normal creatinine clearance

What is the definition of relative (comparative) bioavailability (Frel)?

Frel = (AUC dosage A/AUC dosage B) × (Dose B/Dose A)

Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting bioavailability?

Renal clearance Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes glomerular filtration?

The filtration of blood through the glomerular capillaries into the Bowman's capsule Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which drugs are eliminated from the body when they are being eliminated exclusively by the kidneys?

Glomerular filtration Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the removal of drug molecules from the blood by the kidney?

Active tubular secretion Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the volume of serum or blood completely cleared of drug per unit time?

Clearance rate Signup and view all the answers

Which parameter is defined as the fraction of drug that is removed from the blood as it crosses an eliminating organ?

Extraction ratio Signup and view all the answers

What does renal clearance measure specifically?

Volume of serum cleared of drug by the kidney Signup and view all the answers

Which equation defines the rate of renal excretion based on renal clearance and drug plasma concentration?

$ ext{Clearance rate} = ext{Renal clearance} imes ext{Drug plasma concentration}$ Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism involves the physical movement of a drug from the kidney tubules back to the blood?

Passive reabsorption Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of creatinine clearance for adult males?

120 ± 20 mL/min Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of serum creatinine concentration for adult women?

6.0 - 10.0 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding creatinine clearance is true?

A reduced creatinine clearance requires dose adjustment for renally eliminated drugs. Signup and view all the answers

If a drug's normal dose is 250 mg four times a day, how can the dose be adjusted for a patient with reduced creatinine clearance?

Decrease the frequency to three or two times a day. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes is involved in creatinine clearance?

Glomerular filtration Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of creatinine clearance in the context of drug dosing?

It is a valuable parameter for calculating dosage regimens, especially in elderly patients. Signup and view all the answers