Renal Physiology and Drug Excretion Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of absolute bioavailability (Fabs)?

  • Fabs = Fraction of administered dose that is delivered to the systemic circulation
  • Fabs = The bioavailability of a drug when administered via an intravascular dosage form compared to the bioavailability of the same drug administered IV
  • Fabs = (AUC dosage A/AUC dosage B) × (Dose B/Dose A)
  • Fabs = (AUC non-IV/AUC IV) × (Dose IV/Dose non-IV) (correct)

What is the formula used to calculate the adjusted daily dose of a drug that is eliminated exclusively by the kidneys?

  • Adjusted daily dose = (X0)NR * (Dose IV/Dose non-IV)
  • Adjusted daily dose = (X0)NR * Bioavailability (F)
  • Adjusted daily dose = (X0)NR * Normal creatinine clearance / Patient's creatinine clearance
  • Adjusted daily dose = (X0)NR * Patient's creatinine clearance / Normal creatinine clearance (correct)

What is the definition of relative (comparative) bioavailability (Frel)?

  • Frel = (AUC non-IV/AUC IV) × (Dose IV/Dose non-IV)
  • Frel = The bioavailability of a drug when administered via an extravascular dosage form compared to the bioavailability of the same drug administered IV
  • Frel = (AUC dosage A/AUC dosage B) × (Dose B/Dose A) (correct)
  • Frel = Fraction of administered dose that is delivered to the systemic circulation

Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting bioavailability?

<p>Renal clearance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes glomerular filtration?

<p>The filtration of blood through the glomerular capillaries into the Bowman's capsule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which drugs are eliminated from the body when they are being eliminated exclusively by the kidneys?

<p>Glomerular filtration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the removal of drug molecules from the blood by the kidney?

<p>Active tubular secretion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the volume of serum or blood completely cleared of drug per unit time?

<p>Clearance rate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which parameter is defined as the fraction of drug that is removed from the blood as it crosses an eliminating organ?

<p>Extraction ratio (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does renal clearance measure specifically?

<p>Volume of serum cleared of drug by the kidney (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which equation defines the rate of renal excretion based on renal clearance and drug plasma concentration?

<p>$ ext{Clearance rate} = ext{Renal clearance} imes ext{Drug plasma concentration}$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism involves the physical movement of a drug from the kidney tubules back to the blood?

<p>Passive reabsorption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of creatinine clearance for adult males?

<p>120 ± 20 mL/min (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of serum creatinine concentration for adult women?

<p>6.0 - 10.0 mg/dL (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding creatinine clearance is true?

<p>A reduced creatinine clearance requires dose adjustment for renally eliminated drugs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a drug's normal dose is 250 mg four times a day, how can the dose be adjusted for a patient with reduced creatinine clearance?

<p>Decrease the frequency to three or two times a day. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes is involved in creatinine clearance?

<p>Glomerular filtration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of creatinine clearance in the context of drug dosing?

<p>It is a valuable parameter for calculating dosage regimens, especially in elderly patients. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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