Renal Physiology and Arteriolar Tone Quiz

Water leaves the lumen (water ______)

Osmolality increases as its higher within the medulla than in ______

NaCl leaves passively down conc gradient (higher conc in lumen than ______) and urea enters

Principal cells (75% in cortical, >90% in medullary and 100% in ______) o Under light microscopy, they are light in appearance o Responsible for reabsorbing Na and increasing K secretion

Changes in afferent/efferent arteriolar tone changes RBF Arteriolar tone – how ______ the vessel is

Flow (Q) = P/R (hydrostatic pressure between artery and vein / vascular resistance) - If perfusion pressure is constant: o Constriction of afferent / efferent arteriole   in RBF o Dilation of afferent / efferent arteriole   in RBF - Factors that influence RBF: angiotensin II, adrenaline, noradrenaline, ADH Renin angiotensin system Angiotensinogen (gamma globulin)

Angiotensinogen (gamma globulin) is produced in ______

Renin is ______ enzyme produced by the kidney

Regulation of water balance is primarily controlled by the ______ in the hypothalamus

The release of ADH into the blood is stimulated by ______ situations

ADH interacts with the V2 receptor on the ______ membrane of the principal cells of the collecting duct

Aldosterone acts on the principal cells of the collecting duct and distal convoluted tubule to increase ______ reabsorption

Proximal tubule solutes PAH Used to measure effective renal plasma flow

In S1: lumen is –ve (reabsorbing Na, which is +ve along with neutral solute)

Principal cells (75% in cortical, >90% in medullary and 100% in ______) o Under light microscopy, they are light in appearance o Responsible for reabsorbing Na and increasing K secretion

Regulation of water balance is primarily controlled by the ______ in the hypothalamus