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Questions and Answers
What is the approximate length of the ureter?
What is the approximate length of the ureter?
Which vessel is a medial relation of the left ureter?
Which vessel is a medial relation of the left ureter?
Which artery does the ureter cross in the pelvic part for both sexes?
Which artery does the ureter cross in the pelvic part for both sexes?
What structure does the ureter cross in males but not in females?
What structure does the ureter cross in males but not in females?
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Which of the following best describes the abdominal part of the ureter?
Which of the following best describes the abdominal part of the ureter?
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What role do the ovarian and uterine blood vessels play concerning the female ureter?
What role do the ovarian and uterine blood vessels play concerning the female ureter?
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Which organs or structures are located in proximity to the right ureter?
Which organs or structures are located in proximity to the right ureter?
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Which of the following lymphatic drainage options is true regarding the ureter?
Which of the following lymphatic drainage options is true regarding the ureter?
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What is the main significance of the arterial supply of the ureter?
What is the main significance of the arterial supply of the ureter?
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What anatomical feature helps prevent reflux of urine into the ureter during bladder fullness?
What anatomical feature helps prevent reflux of urine into the ureter during bladder fullness?
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Which area of the ureter is considered the narrowest part?
Which area of the ureter is considered the narrowest part?
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During which surgical procedure is the ureter most commonly at risk of accidental ligation?
During which surgical procedure is the ureter most commonly at risk of accidental ligation?
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Which arteries primarily supply the abdominal part of the ureter?
Which arteries primarily supply the abdominal part of the ureter?
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Which part of the ureters receives its blood supply from the lateral aspect?
Which part of the ureters receives its blood supply from the lateral aspect?
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What does the anatomical location of ureteric constrictions mainly represent?
What does the anatomical location of ureteric constrictions mainly represent?
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Which nerves contribute to the sympathetic innervation of the ureters?
Which nerves contribute to the sympathetic innervation of the ureters?
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Where do the lymph vessels from the upper abdominal part of the ureters typically drain?
Where do the lymph vessels from the upper abdominal part of the ureters typically drain?
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Which structure does the ureter cross at the brim of the lesser pelvis?
Which structure does the ureter cross at the brim of the lesser pelvis?
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What allows the ureter to be safely transected at any level during surgery?
What allows the ureter to be safely transected at any level during surgery?
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Study Notes
Quranic Verse
- A verse from Surah Al-Dhariyat (21) is quoted: "And in the earth are signs for those who have firm belief. And in yourselves, then why do you not see?" (translation approximate).
Renal Module
- Course code: IMP/07/20318
- Phase I
- Second year/semester 3
- Course duration: 5 weeks
Anatomy of the Ureter
- The ureters are two muscular tubes.
- Peristaltic contractions convey urine from kidneys to the urinary bladder.
- Length: 25-30cm
- Thickness: thick-walled & narrow lumen
- Diameter: 3mm
Learning Objectives
- Describe ureter anatomy (shape, length, and parts).
- State normal ureter locations and constrictions.
- Differentiate between right and left ureter relations.
- List ureter arterial supply and significance.
- Describe ureter lymphatic drainage.
- Describe renal nerve plexus and innervations.
Ureter Course
- Each ureter descends behind the peritoneum, opposite transverse processes of L2,3,4,5, in front of psoas major muscle.
- Enters pelvis by crossing the bifurcation of the common iliac artery at the sacroiliac joint.
- Passes downward and backward along the internal iliac artery.
- At the level of the ischial spine, it curves medially to open into the postero-superior angle of the urinary bladder.
Ureter Parts
- Abdominal part
- Pelvic part
- Intramural part
Ureter Constrictions
- Three normal constrictions during the ureter's course:
- At the junction with the renal pelvis (L2).
- At the brim of the lesser pelvis (bifurcation of the common iliac artery at the sacroiliac joint).
- Within the wall of the urinary bladder (ischial spine)
Ureter Relations
- Medial and lateral relations of ureter are mentioned.
- Importance of relation between the ureter, psoas major muscle, and vas deferens/uterine artery.
- Ureter's relation to the pelvic brim (pelvic inlet).
- In females, the ureter passes above the lateral fornix of the vagina.
Ureter Blood Supply
- Abdominal part: supplied by medial arteries (renal, gonadal, branches of abdominal aorta).
- Pelvic Part: supplied by lateral arteries (common iliac, internal iliac, vesical, uterine arteries).
- Venous drainage generally follows arterial supply.
Ureter Lymphatic Drainage
- Upper abdominal ureter: collects with renal vessels and passes directly to lateral aortic nodes near the gonadal artery.
- Lower abdominal ureter:drains to the common iliac nodes.
- Pelvic ureter: drains to common, external, or internal iliac nodes.
Ureter Nerve Supply
- Supplied via renal, testicular/ovarian, and hypogastric plexuses.
- Sympathetic plexus: nerves in T12, L1,2.
- Parasympathetic plexus: nerves in S2,3,4.
Additional Notes
- Location of normal ureter constrictions and their possible clinical significance (e.g., renal stone impaction) are mentioned.
- The importance of the ureter's anatomy to proper organ removal (e.g., oophorectomy, hysterectomy) in females is detailed.
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Description
This quiz covers the anatomy and physiology of the ureter, highlighting its structure, length, and significance in the renal system. Students will review anatomical features, arterial supply, and nerve innervations relevant to the ureters. Prepare to enhance your understanding of ureter functionality in the context of renal health.
