90 Questions
What does the presence of glucose in the urine indicate?
The blood glucose level is very high and not being controlled
What percentage of electrolytes are reabsorbed in the nephron?
65-85%
What happens to water when a lot of Na+ or Cl- is reabsorbed?
Water is reabsorbed along with the electrolytes
What is the function of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle?
Permeable to solutes only
What is the function of aldosterone in the late distal tubule?
Retention of sodium and loss of potassium
What is the primary function of the distal convoluted tubule?
Fine-tuning of sodium and potassium concentration of urine
What is the primary mechanism by which the kidney regulates its own blood flow?
Juxtaglomerular apparatus
What is the role of angiotensin II in the regulation of renal blood flow?
It constricts efferent arterioles
What is the effect of a decrease in blood flow to the kidney?
Decreased glomerular filtration rate
What is the function of the juxtaglomerular complex?
To monitor blood pressure in the afferent arteriole
What is the result of abnormalities in the autoregulation of renal blood flow?
Fluid and electrolyte imbalances
What is the role of prostaglandins in the regulation of renal blood flow?
They cause vasodilation of renal vessels
What happens if albumin is lost in urine due to kidney damage?
Fluid starts leaking out of the capillaries
What is a possible consequence of developing anemia due to nephrotic syndrome?
Increased risk of bleeding
What is the goal of the three mechanisms controlling afferent and efferent arterioles?
To keep GFR at a constant rate
What may occur if there is abnormal aldosterone and ADH?
Fluid and electrolyte imbalances
What is the result of ischemia in acute tubular necrosis?
Change in permeability of tubular components
What is the type of control mechanism that regulates renal blood flow through the sympathetic nervous system?
Neural control mechanism
What is the primary function of the kidneys in excreting substances?
To remove substances not needed to maintain normal body fluid composition
Which of the following is NOT a waste product excreted by the kidneys?
Glucose
How do the kidneys regulate blood pressure?
By getting rid of extra fluid
What is the role of renin in the RAAS system?
To catalyze the formation of angiotensin I
What is the function of erythropoietin produced by the kidneys?
To stimulate the production of red blood cells
What is the result of angiotensin II on the body?
It increases blood pressure and vasoconstriction
What is the term used to describe the ureter expanding due to urine backing up behind an obstruction?
Hydroureter
What is the highest priority concern when dealing with a UT obstruction?
Assessing for acute renal failure
What is the most common component of kidney stones?
Calcium
What can cause the urine to become supersaturated with stone-forming substances?
All of the above
What is the term used to describe the kidney expanding due to urine backing up behind an obstruction?
Hydronephrosis
What is the term used to describe the process by which substances in the urine precipitate out and form stones?
Precipitation
What is the purpose of accrediting bodies like Joint Commission (JCAHO) in the healthcare system?
To grant formal recognition to entities that meet stated criteria
What is the primary purpose of a patient's health record?
To provide a permanent legal document of the nurse's interactions with the patient
What is the primary purpose of collecting and analyzing healthcare data?
To determine the severity of illness and quality of care
What is a characteristic of effective documentation according to the 2010 ANA Standards?
Accessible and accurate
What percentage of their shift do US nurses typically spend on charting?
25-40%
What is an example of objective documentation in nursing?
The patient's skin is warm and dry to the touch.
What is a key principle of effective nursing documentation?
Documentation should be complete, accurate, current, and concise
What is the purpose of documenting a patient's statements in quotations?
To capture the patient's exact words
What is NOT a type of information that should be documented in a patient's health record?
Personal opinions about the patient's diagnosis
What is the purpose of documenting patient findings in a measurable and verifiable manner?
To provide a clear and accurate representation of the patient's status
What is the purpose of using standard professional guidelines for nursing documentation?
To provide a framework for effective communication with other healthcare professionals
What should be avoided when documenting patient information?
Using slang terms and stereotypes in charting
Why is it important to distinguish between subjective and objective data in nursing documentation?
To provide a clear and accurate record of patient information
What is the purpose of documenting quotes from the patient and behaviors?
To provide a comprehensive and accurate picture of the patient's situation
What is the primary role of the nurse in communicating with other healthcare professionals?
To report patient information and coordinate care
Why should you avoid copying and pasting notes in an EHR?
Because the data may be outdated or inaccurate
What should be the focus of documentation in a patient's chart?
Measurable, verifiable objective data
What is the purpose of documenting patient problems in an orderly, sequential manner?
To track the patient's response to nursing interventions
When should a progress note be written in a patient's chart?
Upon admission, transfer, and discharge, and when a procedure is performed
What is the correct way to handle an error in charting?
Draw a single line through the error, note the mistake, and rewrite the entry
What is the purpose of dating and timing each entry in a patient's chart?
To provide a record of all events and interventions
Why is it important to use standard terminology and abbreviations in charting?
To ensure clear and concise communication among healthcare providers
What is the purpose of signing each entry in a patient's chart?
To authenticate the entry and take responsibility for the information
What should be done with blank spaces in a paper chart?
Draw a single line through them to prevent unauthorized additions
What type of information is considered private and confidential?
All information about patients
What is an example of a breach in confidentiality?
Discussing patient information in a public area
What is the primary purpose of an Electronic Health Record (EHR)?
To generate a complete record of a clinical patient’s encounter
What is an example of improperly accessing a patient record?
Accessing a patient record to use information in a personal relationship
What is the significance of patient identifiers in PHI?
They are used to identify patients
What is the purpose of maintaining confidentiality of patient information?
To protect patient privacy
What percentage of their shift do US nurses typically spend on charting?
25-40%
What is the primary purpose of a patient's health record?
To provide a permanent legal document
What should be complete, accurate, current, and concise in nursing documentation?
The entire patient health record
Why is documentation important in nursing?
It is the nurse's best defense in case of allegations of nursing negligence
What should be documented in a patient's health record?
Assessments, medication administration, nursing actions, treatments, patient response to treatment, and patient education
Why is standardization of documentation important?
To ensure accuracy and clarity in documentation
What is the reason for documenting patient findings in a measurable and verifiable manner?
To support claims with evidence and avoid generalizations
What is the primary purpose of using an EHR?
To improve patient care through comprehensive records
When should a progress note be written in a patient's chart?
Upon admission, transfer, and discharge, and when a procedure is performed
What is the main purpose of measuring intake and output?
To monitor fluid balance and detect abnormalities
What should be avoided in nursing documentation according to the guidelines?
Documenting opinions or subjective feelings about a patient situation
What is the purpose of documenting patient responses to nursing interventions?
To evaluate the effectiveness of treatments
What should be done with blank spaces in a paper chart?
Draw a single line through them
What is SBAR an acronym for?
Situation Background Assessment Recommendation
Why is it important to avoid generalizations in nursing documentation?
Generalizations can be misunderstood by other healthcare professionals
What is strict I&O?
The measurement of fluids that go into and come out of the body
Why is it important to sign each entry in a patient's chart?
To assign responsibility for the care provided
What should be used when writing in a paper chart?
Dark ink to ensure permanence
What is the importance of documenting in a legally prudent manner?
To protect the nurse and healthcare facility from legal liability
What is the purpose of using standard communication tools like SBAR?
To improve the effectiveness of communication
What is the primary purpose of accrediting bodies like Joint Commission (JCAHO) in the healthcare system?
To grant formal recognition to entities that meet stated criteria
Why is it important to document patient information accurately and thoroughly?
To provide comprehensive records for patient care
What should be done with quotes from patients and their behaviors?
Document them in the objective section of the chart
What should be avoided when documenting patient information?
Using dittos, erasures, or correcting fluids
What is the characteristic of effective documentation according to the 2010 ANA Standards?
All of the above
What is the purpose of documenting patient problems in an orderly, sequential manner?
To improve quality of patient care
Why is it important to date and time each entry in a patient's chart?
To establish a chronological record of care
What is the difference between subjective and objective data in nursing documentation?
Subjective data is what the patient says, and objective data is what the nurse observes
What is the purpose of using computerized data bases in healthcare?
To improve quality of patient care
What is the role of the treatment team in healthcare?
To aid in patient safety and improve quality of care
This quiz covers the functions of the kidneys, including excretory functions, regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance, and role in maintaining acid-base balance. Learn about the kidneys' role in removing waste products, regulating electrolytes, and maintaining overall bodily health.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
